An Introduction In Communication

• In a broad sense,the term communication refers to the sending,recieving and processing of information by electronic means.Communication started with wire telegraphy in1840s,further developing with telephony some decades later and radio at the beginning of twenty first century.Radio communication,made possible by the invention of vacuum tube,was greatly improved by the work done during the second world war.

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Modern communication has its roots in the 19th and 20th century in the work of scientists like J.C. Bose,G. Marconi,F.B. Morse and Alexander Graham Bell.Modern communication system is first concerned with the sorting ,processing and sometimes storing of informations before transmission follows with further processing and the filtering of noise.Finally we have reception,which may include processing steps such as decoding,storage and inter pretation.

1.Year : Around 1565 A.D

Event : The reporting of the delivery of a child by queen using drum beats from a distant place to King Akbar.

Remarks : It is believed that minister Birbal experimented with the arrangement to decide the number of drummers posted between the place where the queen stayed and the place where the king stayed.

2.Year : 1835

Event : Invention of telegraph by Samuel F.B. Morse and Sir Charles Wheatstone

Remarks : It resulted in tremendous growth of messages through post offices and reduced physical travel of messengers considerably.

3.Year : 1876

Event : Telophone invented by Alexander Graham Bell and Antonio Meucci.

Remarks : Perhaps the most widely use the means of communication in the history of mankind.

4.Year : 1895

Event : Jagadis Chandra Bose and Guglielmo Marconi demonstrated wireless telegraphy

Remarks : It meant a giant leap - from an era of communication using wires to communicating without using wires(wireless).

5.Year : 1936

Event : Television broadcast (Jhon Logi Bairb).

Remarks : First television broadcast by BBC

6.Year : 1955

Event : First radio FAX transmitted across continent(Alexander Bain)

Remarks : The idea of FAX transmission was patented by Alexander Bain in 1843

7.Year : 1968

Event : ARPANET - the first internet came into existence(J.C.R. Licklider)

Remarks : ARPANET was a project undertaken by the U.S defence department.It allowed file transfer from one computer to another connected to the network.

8.Year : 1975

Event : Fibre optics developed at Bell Laboratories.

Remarks : Fibre optical systems are superior and more economical compared to traditional communication system.

9.Year : 1989 - 91

Event : Tim Berners - Le invented the World Wide Web.

Remarks : WWW may be regarded as the mammoth encyclopedia of knowledge accessible to everyone round the clock throught the year.