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76What is Pragmatism?
Pragmatism is the philosophical attitude that the validity of an idea lies in its practical consequences. Pragmatism is the first American philosophy developed independently of European schools of thought....
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72Greek Philosopher Plato
Plato, ancient Greek philosopher. Born Athens, Greece, about 428 B.C. Died Athens, about 347 B.C.
1 comment67What is Philosophy?
The word itself comes from the Greek and means love of wisdom. In this sense philosophy is the study of the principles which underlie all knowledge. Throughout the ages, philosophers have asked a great many...
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79Immanuel Kant
Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher and one of the outstanding figures in modern Western philosophy. He founded the school of transcendalism holding that knowledge of the external world depends on sense-impressions co-ordinated by the reason, which operates according to 'a priori' principles.
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63British Philosophy
Philosophy in the British Isles has for hundreds of years been distinguished by its empirical approach to philosophical questions. Empirical philosophers accept the evidence of their senses as the only...
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70Idealism
Idealism is the philosophical theory that reality is essentially mental or spiritual. Idealism is opposed to materialism, the theory that reality is physical. In philosophy there are two schools of idealism....
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71Greek Philosophy
The story of philosophy begins in Greece. The ancient Greeks provided the world with some of its greatest philosophers. The most famous are Plato (427-347BC) and Aristotle (384-322BC), and Plato's teacher...
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74Greek Philosopher Socrates
Socrates was a Greek philosopher and moralist. He wrote no philosophical works himself, but the discussions he held with the young men who gathered round him afÂfected profoundly the subsequent development of philosophy, particularly through their influence on Plato. Philosophers before Socrates speculated—naively, though interestingly, about the composition and workings of the natural universe, but Socrates made others conscious of the absence of any agreed standard of truth in such matters.
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60Xenophon: Anabasis Book III
Tissaphernees (died 395 B.C.), was a Persian general and diplomat. When he became satrap of Lydia and Caria in 413 B.C., he drew Persia into the Peloponnesian War as an ally of Sparta against Athens, but his...
59Xenophon: Anabasis Book I
Clearchus (5th Century B.C.), Spar tan general, whose tyrannical rule of Byzantium resulted in his overthrow. He joined Cyrus's Persian army, assisting him in the "expedition of the ten thousand" against his brother, King Artaxerxes. On the death of Cyrus at the battle of Cunaxa, 401 B.C., Clear chus assumed command, but was captured and executed by Artaxerxes.
