Endomembrane System
Endomembrane System
Endomembrane is a system of membrane that is interconnected inside the cell.
Listed below are the parts of the endomembrane system. It is in the order of protein synthesis or translation.
Nuclear Membrane
- it protects the DNA (genetic material) as well as the RNA
- it is responsible for the release of RNA through the nuclear pores
- has nuclear pores = needed so the the nucleotides (Adenine, Thyamine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil) can get into the nucleus
- contains chromatin
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- embrace or surrounds the nucleus
- has ribosomes (not organelles because it is not enclosed in a membrane) attached on it giving it its rough appearance
- helps in manufacturing proteins
- buds off transport vesicles
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- it is where the cell synthesize (makes) lipids, which are used for the membranes
- stores calcium
- attached to the rough ER
Golgi Apparatus
- also known as golgi body and golgi complex
- it packages proteins from the rough ER
- it also sorts or categorizes the manufactured proteins whether it will be used by (in) the cell or outside the cell
- it sorts the proteins by adding amino acid on the proteins to mark it
- it transports the cells that are to be delivered outside the cell
- buds off lysosomes
Vesicles
- it looks like miniorganelles
- membranes that contain proteins in them (ex. lysosomes in animals and peroxisomes in plants)
- it also transports proteins