hindu is probably from the sindhu the mohan jodado . they mispronounced it indu and the civilization became the indus. thats the origin of the word.
according to books the hindus are the children of MANU the author of the famous MANU SMRUTI.
hinduism is a set of beliefs called MUT. (literally opinion)
the basic scriptures are VED(AS) RIGVED, YAJURVED, ATHARVEVED, SAMVED. the books contain prayers for nature and the life to be.
then there are many branches like sanatan, vedant, advait, dvait etc. there are other branches called sampraday(the cohesive groups)like shaiv , vaishnav etc.