A Guide to the Banana

While we may see three types of bananas in our local groceries - regular, red-skinned, and tiny midget bananas, there are several additional types of this famous fruit and its cousins. Hundreds, really. Where did they come from? Perahps several places -- Perhaps the original banana is even from Australia (read on...)

The earliest recorded writings about the banana seem to be from back around 600 BC or earlier in India. There were several different varieties growing in the wild and they were all nasty and tasted bad. Some even made people sick.

The local agriculturalists experimented with cross-breeding wild varieties of bananas, but came up with new plants that could not reproduce. Not one of these hybrids could produce new plants. The plant growers found that they would need to cross-breed old plants (heirloom plants if they were tomatoes) time and time again for each new edible banana crop they desired.

It was too much work. However, they perservered in India and came up with a hybrid that produced off-shoots (suckers) that could be planted to grow into new banana trees full iof fresh bananas. The delciious edible banana may be the first scientifically produced food.

Supposedly, the good banana found its way eastward with Alexander the Great and his armies between 400 - 300 BC, and it appears in Chinese literature from around 200 AD to the present day.

Purdue University scholars believe that the banana actually originated in Australia and the surrounding regions.

Horwever, the banana, like mankind, finally migrated westward as well as eastward and ended up also in Africa. From there, it likely hooked a ride on to the Canary Islands, Central and South America, the Caribbean and to other parts of the Western Hemisphere in the ship sof Spanish explorers. Along the way, other hybrids were created, along with some natural mutations. This also occurred in China and today there are many bananas, as well as several cousin plants.

Somehow, a Chinese banana took a trip to England and became the Cavendesh Banana, named for an important family there. This banana bvecame the great grand daddy of all commercial banans sold in the 21st century. There are at least 20 differnt kinds of commerically grown bananas.

However, there are over 300 dfferent types of bananas altogether in the world.

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Bananas were not actually eaten very much in the USA until around the time of the Civil War. Before that, they had been considered exotic and rather strange.

With industrialization and reconstruction of the nation following the Civil War, transportation and shipping improved, as did the grocery business (an improvement on the general store and the small market) and foreign trade, Bananas become a much sought-after commodity. The United Fruit Company in America led the way to banana business success.

In 1871, a railroad was built by the young Industrialist Minor Keith from America, all the way down in Costa Rica. Many men died while building it, including Keith's two brothers. He gathered power in Costa Rica and took control fo three banana businesses. Then he became partners with a sea captain and a Boston businessman and created the combined United Fruit Company, merging other banana concerns.

Keith built more railroads to transport bananas and other goods and his efforts were supported by radical right-wing dictators. Many more lives were lost on the railroad and in political uprisings..

The countries containing the railroads evenutally overthrew their dictators during World War Ii and became free. This cramped the style of Keith and his banana business, so the United Fruit Company finally complained to US President Dwight D. Eisenhower that Communism was on the loose and spreading in these countries during the Cold War.

Interestingly, the head of the CIA, Allen Dulles, had been on the UFC's board of directors. A political campign called "The Kremlin Hates Bananas" increased banana sales in the US and more and more of the fruit was imported. Sales and profits increased for Keith and the UFC and likley some US government officials. Perhaps, during the MCCarthy witch-hunts, Americans were afraid NOT to eat bananas. It was un-American!

Later in the mid-20th century, UFC experimented with fungicides and other plant chemicals that were detrimental to human health. They fought agaisnt unionized labor as well, even though living conditions of the banana workers were horrid. This is where the term "Banana Republic" was coined -- In fact, UFC workled closely with the Guatemalan government to keep things that way.

After time passed UFC began to lose money and Del Monte bought their lands. Today Del Monte is a name associated with the banana, and fruits and vegetables in general.

• Apple or Manzana
• Blue Java - bluish when not ripe.
• Cavendish
• Cuban Red - red skinned banana.
• Dwarf Cavenish
• Giant Cavendish
• Gros Michel - rated the best tasting by many people.
• Lady Finger
• Orinoco
• Popoulu - Hawaiian, with pink flesh. Can be eaten raw or cooked.
• Valery

Serve any of these recipes as either a side dish or dessert. For a dessert, top with honey, powdered sugar, syrups, or even brown sugar and cinnamon. For a side dish, dip in yogurt or your favorite dipping sauces.

Fritter Batter

• A box of pancake mix or make your own:
• Sift together 2 cups all-purpose flour with 2 tsp. baking powder and 1 tsp. salt.
• Next, combine 2 large beaten eggs with
• 1.5 cups milk and
• 2 tbs. vegetable oil.
• Stir well and then stir wet ingredients into dry ingredients.
• Stir until well mixed, but to not over work.

Banana & Peanut Fritters:

• Peel 3 bananas and cut them into ½" slices
• Add 1/2 cup peanuts and mix in a bowl
• Make balls and drop them into batter with a spoon to coat them.
• Drop a few coated fritter with a spoon into a deep fat fryer set at 375 degrees F
• (or use a pan of oil on the stove top and a cooking thermometer)
• Cook until golden brown, remove from oil, and drain on paper towels.

Banana & Pineapple Fritters:

• Substitute one banana with 1/2 cup drained canned crushed pineapple. Some coconut can be added, if you like.
• For another change, subsitute one banana with 1/2 cup of spicy tomatoes, drained, or tomato jam.

Batter Pan-Fried Bananas [Plantains can be done this way as well]

• In a large mixing bowl place 1 cup pancake mix or batter from the recipe above.
• Cut 4 peeled bananas in half lengthwise and then once across the middles.
• Dip the bananas in your batter and coat well.
• Heat about 1 inch of your favorite cooking oil in a heavy skillet.
• Saute several pieces of banana at a time until they are golden brown on both sides.
• Remove from oil, drain on paper or clean cloth towels and serve.
• For a change next time, add cinnamon to the batter mix.

All parts of the banana plant can be used as medicine. Just a few include:

• Flowers -- bronchitis, dysentery, and skin ulcers;
• Cooked flowers - diabetrs;
• Plant sap - epilepsy, leprosy, fevers, hemorrhages, bad dysentery/ diarrhea, even hemorrhoids, insect bites;
• Leaves - poultices for burns and skin ailments
• Burnt raw peel ashes & leaves - dysentery and diarrhea
• Burnt ripe peel - antifungal and antibiotic
• Roots - digestive conditions and dysentery