The current energy consumption in the world

Regions energy Million toe% of the population of one million inhabitants. % Nations developed market - OECD 4,112 50 852 16 Former Soviet Union, Central and Eastern Europe 1,724 50 413 8 Nations in developing or underdeveloped 2,459 30 4,505 76

Worldwide Total 8,295 100 5,270 100

TABLE 1 - Per capita consumption of oil (World Bank, 2006)

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The per capita consumption of the developed countries would have been, well, about eight times that of developing or underdeveloped nations.

The industrial revolution brought with it increasing demand for energy and raw materials that the world has never seen, and the fantastic pace of expansion will continue through the twentieth century. It has been estimated, for example, that in the first two decades of the twentieth century, humanity consumes more energy than it had done in all previous centuries of its existence. During the following two decades, we are again more energy than the entire past. A fact remained similar to each successive period of 20 years. (World Bank, 2006)

The Industrial Revolution called for far-reaching qualitative changes in the use of energy. Before her, production and services are fundavam in the labour force participation of men, supplemented by animal diseases traction, the use of direct force of wind and water, and the firewood and charcoal.

With the Revolution, the leading industrialised countries of firewood for coal lost its position as the largest fuel. The industrialization in countries where holders of processing good reserves of coal, so that absolutely dominates the landscape of energy. In the United States, a country with large geographical expansion and potential forest such as ours, had already begun to replace the firewood to coal mining in the middle of the nineteenth century. The British destruction of forests for the production of timber and fuel wood has already serious at the end of the seventeenth century. (World Bank, 2006, Engler, 1989)

In Brazil, the overthrow of forests has been linked to dominate the occupation of land for the implementation of agriculture and livestock breeding extensive.

In Brazil not occur to phase coal and industrialization came too late. The oil does not come into play in the world economy in 1854, the first successful wells in Pennsylvania, and expansion of monografia of refineries, on an industrial scale to kerosene. (GASNET, 2004)

The versatility of oil and its derivatives, and its simple handling and transportation would be sufficient reasons for increasing their relative importance. But also, and despite the increased demand in the twentieth century, it was possible that supply always satisfactory in global prices and relatively stable. So here is the presentation of a seminar for a small monograph on the subject