Two types of high blood pressure is described: high blood pressure and cause secondary play. High blood pressure has more common cause accounting for 95% of the population with high blood pressure. Cause high blood pressure has no clear cause. In secondary hypertension, accounting for 5% of cases, high blood pressure due to specific abnormalities in one body, the body system (Hypertension secondary are discussed more clearly in the section below).


Cause high blood pressure has appeared in approximately 75 million Americans, please note the basic cause remains unknown. However, many associations still accept the original has high blood pressure. For example, in the group or set of people with high consumption of salt, exceeding May 8 grams / day.


In fact, the use of salt can be an important factor related to high blood pressure has cause some different situations. Therefore, excessive use of salt is probably related to high blood pressure, associated with old age, skin color, obesity, genetic and renal failure.


Genetic factors are thought to play prominent roles in the evolution of high blood pressure it needs. However, gene regulation of high blood pressure has not been identified (Gen is the fraction of chromosomes produce protein regulation of individual characteristics). The recent study focuses on genetic factors affecting genetic renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system. Conditioning system helps blood pressure by adjusting the balance of salt and elastic blood vessels.


About 30% of cases of high blood pressure cause has been attributed to genetic factors. For example, in the U.S., the rate of new infected persons higher in black than white and Asian. In those with three or mothers with high blood pressure, risk of hypertension than two times the normal person. More rare, some unusual genetic disorders affecting the adrenal hormones cause high blood pressure. High blood pressure is due to genetic disorders, today as secondary hypertension.


As noted above, the basic cause of high blood pressure has no clear cause. However, we find the most original high blood pressure often has specific abnormalities in the arteries. Means they can increase vascular resistance force (hardness or elasticity less) in the small blood vessels away from the heart (peripheral arteries). Peripheral blood vessels is not oxygen and nutrient supply to all body tissues. The arterioles connect to a vein system, bringing blood back to heart and lungs, by capillary tissue.


Causes the blood vessels peripheral to unknown hardware. However, peripheral resistance force was also found to rise in the former has high blood pressure related to genetic factors, obesity, low exercise, use more salt and the elderly.


How alcohol, tobacco and coffee can affect blood pressure?


People who drink too much (more than 2 times / day) had high blood pressure often 1.5-2 times. Relationship between alcohol and high blood pressure special attention when using alcohol> 5lan/ngay. In addition, the phenomenon of increasing dose combination. In other words, as much alcohol consumed, the more closely related to high blood pressure over.


Although smoking increases the risk of vascular complications (eg heart disease and stroke) in people with high blood pressure, but it also made more high blood pressure. Consequently, many smokers may increase blood pressure temporarily immediate 5-10mmHg. However, regular smokers there low blood pressure than non-smokers. Reason is that nicotine in cigarettes reduces appetite resulting in weight loss and lower blood pressure.


In one study, using caffeine five cups a day can raise blood pressure slightly in the elderly have high blood pressure but not increased in people with normal blood pressure. Moreover, the combination of smoking and drinking in a cafe with high blood pressure can increase blood pressure than just drinking coffee alone. Therefore, limiting coffee and tobacco use in patients with hypertension will benefit in adjusting their high blood pressure.


Cause of secondary hypertension?


As noted before, 5% of high blood pressure is secondary to that. Mean blood pressure of this high after a secondary disorder in a particular organ or blood vessel, eg kidney, adrenal, or aorta.


Hypertension due to renal


Pathology in the kidney can cause secondary hypertension. Secondary type of hypertension is called renal hypertension because it is the damage caused in the kidney. An important cause of renal hypertension is renal artery stenosis. In young people, usually women, often narrow thick raising renal blood vessels (increased fiber products). In the elderly, usually due to atherosclerosis narrows blood vessels to cause platelets gather switch circuit.


How renal artery stenosis cause hypertension? First, renal artery narrowed to reduce blood circulation to the kidneys. This phenomenon stimulates renal anemia produce hormones, renin and angiotensin. This together with the hormone aldosterone from adrenal causes spasms and increased peripheral vascular resistance force throughout the body, and as mentioned, increase blood pressure.


Renal hypertension is usually first suspected when high blood pressure appear in young people or high blood pressure appears in older people. Renal artery stenosis screening including taking blocking rays, ultrasound and MRI (magnetic resonance capture) renal artery. The purpose of the test is whether there reduced blood flow to the kidneys do not. If the test is abnormal or a doctor thinks a lot to capture the renal artery stenosis renal artery can make. Photo renal artery is the last test actually observed renal arteries narrow.


Renal artery stenosis can be treated by vascular reconstruction by shadow. In this procedure, the implementation, by ultrasound, a flow tube (catheter) is longer in renal arteries. In which renal artery will be hot and going by inflating the bubble right place is Art hep.Thu improve blood flow and lower blood ap.Ngoai that it preserve renal function weakened by anemia . Rarely surgery needed to expand space renal artery stenosis.


Any type of chronic renal failure which can cause high blood pressure with a similar renal artery stenosis. Important to remember that not only kidney disease that causes high blood pressure high blood pressure can cause kidney disease. Therefore, all patients with high blood pressure can be evaluated for kidney disease can be treated properly.


U adrenal


Two types of adrenal u usually less rare cause of hypertension (adrenal glands located just above the kidney). Even if the two types produce too much hormone causes high blood pressure. The u can be diagnosed by blood tests, urine and diagnostic images adrenal glands. In addition, often require surgery to remove tumors or adrenal glands, and often reduce the blood pressure.


If one type is called the adrenal Aldosterone raw power play because tumors produce large hormone aldosterone. Apart from hypertension, this disease lose potassium through urine, result in lower blood potassium. So strength first Aldosterone is thought to have high blood pressure in people with low blood potassium (Also, as noted above, some schools Rare genetic disorder affects the kidney hormone causing hypertension secondary) .


If a type of adrenal causes of hypertension is secondary pheochromocytoma. Tumor produces excessive catecholamines. Pheochromocytoma was diagnosed in people thought to have high blood pressure at sudden and regression, this related flushed skin, tachycardia, and sweating plus symptoms of high blood pressure.


Narrow aortic


Narrow aorta is a rare genetic disorder and is one of the common causes of high blood pressure of children. This disease is characterized by a narrow the aorta, the large artery comes from the heart. Home blood vessels run to carry smaller arteries feeding the body including the kidneys.


Then the aorta often narrow in that the renal arteries and reduce blood flow to foster care. Anemia will enable us renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone increases blood pressure. Treatment is usually surgical repair of the narrowed. Sometimes re-created with tricks football (as described in the renal artery stenosis) can also be used to expand the narrow room.