Diabetic Neuropathy

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Diabetic neuropathy is a nerve disorder of sensory and/or motor nerves that affects up to 50% of patients with Type 2 diabetes. It is frequently seen in older diabetic patients and causes a slowing of nerve conduction.

Diabetic neuropathy can damage nerves in the feet and legs and can cause symptoms such as loss of feeling, numbness, tingling of extremities, and a feeling of wetness of hands, feet, thighs, or other parts of the body.

Sometimes it produces other symptoms that can be painful including sensations of sudden, deep needle-like sticks, feelings of cold or burning, and a deep, dull ache which is exacerbated by the slightest touch or pressure against the affected part. Even clothing rubbing against the affect part can be painful. Any of these symptoms can occur in the same spot and at the same.

Diabetic neuropathy may spread over a large area, or affect several parts of the body, or affect only a specific nerve and part of the body. Skin changes of the arms, hands, legs, and feet can cause hair loss, thin skin, cold clammy sweats, and white, flaky skin (not eczema or psoriasis).

However, one or the most damaging affect of neuropathy is diabetic ulcers. These ulcers are categorized in stages. Stage1 consist of redness of the skin caused by constant pressure on the affected part which decreases blood flow to that area. Stage 2 occurs when the skin becomes broken and can involve damage of the fat tissue and muscle tissue. Stage 3 is when the ulcer exacerbates to the point of muscle damage even to the point of revealing the bone.

Diabetic ulcers occur on the bony prominences of the body such as shoulder, elbow, hips, knees, ankles, and the back of the heel. However, they can be prevented. Relieving the pressure on the bony prominences with pillows and changing position at least every two hours will help promote blood flow and healing. Gently massaging the area is another effective way to increase blood flow.

Another damaging affect of diabetic neuropathy is gangrene. Gangrene most often occurs in the feet and legs. It is a direct result of diabetes’ destruction of vessels and capillaries that feed the cells of the body. Without blood supply, the cells turn a greenish, purple, then finally black when the tissue is dead. The only recourse for gangrene is tissue removal and ultimately amputation of the affected part.

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Kulsum Mehmood says:
12 months ago

A very informative write-up on Diabetic Neuropathy Wayne. Thank you for sharing your knowledge.

Wayne Litchford says:
12 months ago

Thanks so much for reading my hub and leaving such a warm comment. Diabetes affects some many different systems and organs in the body that a person can only write a little bit at a time. Again, I thank you!

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