The basic knowledge of roads are vital to driving motor efficiently.

In India we have several types of roads.

Mainly National highways , State high ways, Rural roads, Ghat roads and lanes.

NATIONAL HIGHWAYS:

The National highways are maintained by central Government. The roads are to the International standard. Three or four way tracks shall be provided on eash direction of the N.H.Roads.Motorists can easily overtake another vehicle in such roads and slow moving vehicles can go on the extreme left of such roads causing no hindrance for the fast moving vehicles. Usually such roads shall be very straight and the drivers will find it easy to drive.

STATE HIGHWAYS

STATE HIHWAYS ARE MAINTAINED BY THE STATE GOVERNMENT. sUCH ROADS SHALL HAVE TWO LANE TRAFFIC SYSTEM ON EACH SIDE OF THE ROADS.PROVISION TO DRIVE FAST AT THE OPTIMUM SPEED MENTIONED AT THE STATE HIGHWAYS IS POSSIBLE.WHILE OVERTAKING ANOTHER VEHICLE IT IS MANDATORY TO MAINTAIN 10 METERS DISTANCE AND WE SHAOULD COME TO THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE ROAD VIEW THE OPPOSIT VEICLES TRAFFIC AND THEN PROCEED  FOR OVERTAKING.WHILE DRIVING IN STATE HIGHWAYS THE DRIVERS SHOULD BE DOUBLE CAUTIOUS AS THERE WILL BE SLOW MOVING VEHICLES LIKE BULLOCK CART,BICYCLES,BUFFALOS AND OTHER ANIMALS LIKE GOAT WILL CROSS THE ROAD WITHOUT ANY INDICATIONS.

RURAL ROADS:

RURAL ROADS ARE MAINLY MAINTAINED FOR THE FARMERS TO BRING THEIR PRODUCES TO THE NEARBY TOWNS.SO THE TRAFFIC IN SUCH AREAS SHALL BE USUALLY WITH SLOW MOVING VEHICLES LIKE TRACTORS FITTED WITH TRAILERS, TWO WHEELERS CARRYING ABOUT A TON OF AGRO PRODUCTS AND THE DRIVERS OF SUCH AREA ARE NOT PROPERLY TAUGHT ABOUT MOTORING ALSO. SO DRIVING IN SUCH AREA REQUIRES MORE OF CONCENTRATION ON ROAD.EVEN EDUCATED PEOPLE WILL NOT ADHERE TO THE TRAFFIC SIGNALS IN SUCH AREA.

GHAT ROADS:

MAINLY GHAT ROADS ARE SEEN IN HILLY AREAS. THE HAIRPIN BENDS SHALL BE MORE IN SUCH ROADS.DRIVERS WILL BECOME VERY TIRED SOON WHILE DRING IN SUCH ROADS.THE REASON FOR THEM TO BECOME TIRED SOON IS BECAUSE THEY KEEP CHANGING THE GEARS WHILE DRING IN GHAT ROADS.ACTUALLY CHANGING GEARS FREQUENTLY IN SUCH ROADS ARE ALSO NOT NECESSARY. THE ROADS ARE FORMED WITH AN ANGLE OF 36-45 DEGREES OF SLOP ONLY. SO ONCE WE SET OUR GEAR FOR CLIMBING UP THE HILL WITH THAT SAME GEAR WE SHALL BE ABLE TO CLIMB SUCH GHAT ROADS.THE ENGINE CAN WITHSTAND THAT STRAIN AND THE FUEL FEEICIENCY ALSO WILL BE MORE IF WE DO NOT CHANGE GEARS IN SUCH ROADS. MOREOVER APPLYING SUDDEN BRAKES ARE ALSO NOT NEEDED IF WE MAINTAIN THE LOWER GEARS WHILE CLIMBING UP.

AND WHILE CLIMBING DOWN ON THE GHAT ROAD, MANY DRIVERS FEEL THAT THEY CAN APPLY A NEUTRAL GEAR AND ALLOW THE VEHICLE TO ROLL ON WITHOUT ANY CONTROL. IT IS VERY DANGEROUS. AT EMERGENCY THEY MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ENGAGE GEARS AND SUCH SITUATION MAY CAUSE ADDICENTS.SO ALWAYS WHILE CLIMBING DOWN THE HILL ALSO ENGAGE A SUITABLE LOWER GEAR AND MAINTAIN THAT GEAR UNTIL WE REACH THE SURFACE.

LANES:

IN RURAL AREA SINGLE VEHICULAR MOVEMENT LANES ARE ALSO STILL IN EXISTANCE.IN SUCH ROADS WE MUST PROVIDE ADEQUATE INDICATION ABOUT OUR TRAVEL IN SUCH LANES TO AVOID OPPOSIT VEHICLES JAM OUR WAY. AND IF THERE IS ANY SUCH OPPOSIT VEHICLE IS INFRONT OF US, THEN EITHER OF SHOULD IMMEDIATELY DECIDE OR IF THERE IS A  BROAD PASSAGE AVAILABLE THEN EITHER OF THE MOTORISTS SHOULD MAKE USE OF IT AND GIVE WAY TO THE OTHER.AT ANY CIRCUMSTANCES QUARRELING IS NOT A GOOD SIGN WHILE DRIVING.BECAUSE BOTH OF THE MOTORISTS ARE NOT KNOWN EACHOTHER .

WE HAVE SEEN ABOUT THE ROADS.

TYPES OF MOTOR VEHICLES.

MOTOR CYCLES:

IN GENERAL ALL TWO WHEELERS FITTED WITH AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE ARE CALLED TWO WHEELERS. AND THEY ARE NAMED IN DIFFERENT NAMES FOR CONVENIENT IDENTIFICATION. THEY ARE

1. MOTOR CYCLE;2,SCOOTERS,3 MOPEDS,4.SOOTERETTESAND 5.AUTO CYLES.

MOTOR CARS ARE CALLED AS CARS ONLY.

GOODS VEHICLE HAS DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION.MINI GOODS VEHICLE,MINI VAN,TEMPOS AND TRUCKS. TRUCKS ARE ALSO CALLED AS LORRIES.