Emergency First Aid
60Emergency First Aid Tips:
APPENDICITIS:
Symptoms: Pain in right lower abdomeen. Nausea, possible vomiting and fever.
Treatment: Call your doctor. Never give anything by mouth. Ice bag may reduce discomfort.
BURNS AND SCALDS:
Symptoms: Redness, mild swelling, and pain. Blisters may develop.
Treatment: First floor the burn with cool water (not ice water), Then, wash with cool water and soap. Call doctor if blisters are white, dry and painless.
CONVULSION:
Symptoms: Strong, jerking movements, stiff body. Difficulty in breathing. Bluish face. Eyes rolled back, gritting of teeth, frothy mouth.
Treatment: Call doctor. Prevent patient from biting anyone else. Keep him lying down, donot restrain. Loosen coller, and cover him.
CROUP:
Symptoms: Noisy, difficult breathing. Hoarse, barking cough.
Treatment: Call your doctor. Expose immediately to moist air: use a humidifier in a small room or put patient in the bathroom and turn on the shower (keep door and windows closed).
CUTS AND BRUISES:
Symptoms: Cuts bleed and hurt. Bruises get red, swollen, and hurt.
Treatment: Elevate the extremity. Clean cuts with soap and water. Stop bleeding by applying pressure. Apply cold cloths or ice packs to bruises to releive pain and reduce swelling. Call your doctor if cuts do not close.
DOG BITE:
Symptoms: Redness, swelling and bleeding if skin is broken. Fear of the dog.
Treatment: Wash with soap and water. Cover with a clean bandage. Find the name and address of dog's owner. Call your doctor....or report bite to emergency room of hospital.
DROWING:
Symptoms: Unconcious, pale or blue skin.
Treatment: If trained, administer CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) othe- rwise give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if breathing has stopped. Do not move victim's neck, head or back unnecessarily. Call an ambulance.
EARACHE:
Symptoms: Pain. Possible dizziness or discharge from ear. Possible fever.
Treatment: Call your doctor. Relieve pain by applying cool or warm compresses to ear. Whichever gives relief.
ELECTRIC SHOCK:
Symptoms: Loss of consciousness may occur. Respiration may cease. Skin may become cold and blue. Electric burn mark is sharply demarcated.
Treatment: Free the victim from current. Drag the victim by means of dry cloth or leather belt. Give artificial respiration if needed.
FAINTING:
Symptoms: Pale, clammy skin, dizziness, shallow breathing, sweating, and temporary unconsciousness.
Treatment: Place in supine position with legs raised higher then body. Loosen clothing. Apply cold cloths to face. Call your doctor if fainting reccurs.
HEAT STROKE:
Symptoms: High temperature, Pale and clammy skin, or hot and flushed skin. Headache and weakness. Possible nausea.
Treatment: Apply cold cloths to skin. Give balanced salt solution. Call your doctor if patient appears confused.
INSECT BITES AND STINGS:
Symptoms: Pain and redness at the site of the sting or bite. Possible allergic reaction such as shock or difficulty in breathing.
Treatment: Apply cold compresses to bites and stings. Calamine lotion may be soothing also. Call an ambulance or go to the hospital when signs of allergic reaction are present, such as rash, wheezing or troubled breathing.
NOSE BLEED:
Symptoms: Profuse bleeding from the nose.
Treatment: Seat patient, tip head forward, and squeeze nostrils firmly together for ten minutes, cold compresses to ose may help.
POISONING:
Symptoms: Symptoms vary. Throat or stomach pains. Mouth burns, vomiting. Drowsiness.
Treatment: Call hospital or doctor. Give water to dilute poison.
SHOCK:
Symptoms: Victim pale and weak. Clammy skin, perspiration on upperlip and forehead. Pulse rate and breathing rate are increased.
Treatment: Keep lightly covered and lying down. Feet raised higher than body. Give no fluid if unconscious or complaining of abdominal pain. Call an ambulance.
STROKE:
Symptoms: Unconscious. Heavy breathing. Apparent weakness in face or limbs on one side in body, in-ability to speak.
Treatment: Cover patient with a light blanket. Turn head of vomiting patient to side. Give no stimulants and nothing to eat or drink. Call an ambulance.
SUN BURN:
Symptoms: Radness, mild swelling, and pain. Possible blisters.
Treatment: Apply burn cream or cold towels. Fever, chills and sickness may accompany a severe burn and your doctor should be called. Protect redness from further sun.
SWALLOWING FOREIGN BODIES:
Symptoms: Dangerous when in air passages. Violent coughing and chocking. Bluish facial discolouration. Breathing may stop.
Treatment: If victim cannot dislodge object, administer Airways Obstruction procedure (Ask victim if he can breath. If he cannot, deliver four sharp blows between the shoulders blades with heel of hand. Stand behind victim and wrap arms around his waist. Grasp one fist with the other hand and place the thumb side of your fist against the victim's abdomen. Use four quick inward and up ward thrust to expel foreign matter from the breathing passage). Infants (upto 1 year) tilt head down and give back blows.
TOOTHACHE:
Symptoms: Pain, Tooth is sensitive to hot and cold food and fluids.
Treatments: Give aspirin. Apply cold compresses untill you get to the dentist.
NOTE:
FIRST AID SUPPLIES:
- Sterile cotton
- Adhesive tape
- Bandages
- Any antiseptic
- Gauze pads (sterile)
- Safety pins
- Scissors
- Thermometer
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