The waters are formed of natural solutions to many complex substances, most of which can ignore, but some influence on the determinants for the chlorination. According to the AC Monografia de pesquisa didatica e quimica, these substances are:

The suspended solids can serve as a barrier and prevent bacteria are attacked by the destructive action of chlorine.

The organic material that reacts with free chlorine, which eliminates the properties of chlorine disinfectants.

It reacts, following the ideas of Monografia e TCC with chlorine causing a compound that has qualities disinfectants less effective than chlorine free.

The strength of disinfection also depends on the pH of the water. The low water alkalinity and pH are more easily disinfected monografia pronta.

Nitrite reacts with the elimination of free chlorine. In addition to the causes of a false color when it is proved ortotolidina, such as manganese.

-- Factors affecting disinfection:

If you want to carry out a chlorination chlorine is added so that if mix evenly and completely with all parties to treat water, supply of chlorine monografia must be continued and must be applied in sufficient quantity to the Class of water seeking.

The most important factors to monitor are:

• The time and concentration: These factors are united with each other, because through both are taking into account the reaction time available for disinfection, and the quantity and size of residual chlorine.

The time we can do for chlorine act on the components of water is one of the most important factors in the practice of chlorination. The minimum reaction time must be 10 to 15 minutes, but it would be preferable not to make several hours so they can ensure effective disinfection without water reaches the consumer with a low concentration of chlorine residual could be a disadvantage because of the presence of flavours and fragrances. According to the Monografia Pronta para TCC AC, this factor is very important in a research about chlorination effects.

• Temperature: The speed with chlorine disinfection is proportional to the temperature of the water.
• PH: The pH of the water affects the action of chlorine disinfectant, and especially that of residual chlorine combined.

-- Reactions of chlorine in the water:

The chlorine in the water is a very active chemical agent. If a small quantity he says if water, react with a large quantity of substances dissolved or suspended, then his power as a disinfectant will be destroyed. If we add chlorine in sufficient quantity to react with all substances reducing the organic matter and ammonia, a little more than chlorine, which is the aggregation will be available on free residual chlorine, a disinfectant agent very active.

The quantity of reducing substances, organic matter and ammonia, varies for each water and also varies over time, even the water supply. Therefore also varies the amount of chlorine were added to a water supply for its disinfection.

• The disinfection by heat: If it raises the temperature of water to its boiling point is due to produce disinfection of dangerous diseases that no water is caused by the formation of spores of bacteria or other bodies resistant to heat. This is essential to study this issue in a monograph of the CTP, for example. This time, the AD Papers universal support monograph on the basis held this article
• Disinfection by light: The sunlight is a natural disinfectant, mainly as an agent desecante. The irradiation with ultraviolet rays and increases the disinfecting agent controllable. To ensure disinfection, water must always be free of substances that absorb light, for example, phenolic compounds and aromatic.

There are other forms of radiant energy and noise that destroys micro-organisms "second team HQ and Engineering Monograph chemistry, but not yet found an application within engineering disinfection of the water