One simple rule that many dog owners tend to forget is that keeping a dog off leash is a well earned privilege, something that only dogs that have great leash manners should be entitled to. Perhaps off leash privileges are the ultimate gift for dogs that are perfectly under control, reliable beings that have successfully passed many goals of advanced training. If you own a dog that pulls, slows down or does as it pleases such as sniffing the ground and doing his business, then he is not ready for being a reliable off leash companion

In order to understand the concept better one should look at a real pack of dogs. Real dog packs in the wild move in a very organized fashion. There is no such thing as stopping to chase the butterflies or going the other way to explore territories. A dog pack moves uniformly following the pack leader with only two goals in mind: migrating and hunting.

As a dog owner therefore, you must be the ultimate leader. Your dog must know his boundaries and must respect your guidance. He simply moves along with you watching you careflully and following your steps. Cesar Milan likes to often notice that some of the most behaved dogs he has seen in the United States are the dogs of the homeless.

These dogs basically follow their leader carefully as they both migrate for hours each day in search of food. Never do these dogs decide to take over and go for their own way. They are submissive and calm dogs that simply live to survive along with their alpha leader. These are often symbols of the true alliance between dogs and humans, an overview of what must have happened centuries ago when human met dog.

In order to teach your dog to be a reliable off leash dog, therefore, he must already be familiar with the following commands: sit, stay, heel, let's move on, watch and a choice command that prevents your dog from walking in front of you. Never put off leash a dog that tends to escape, chase animals or leave your side to meet other dogs or people. Again this training is for dogs that have been able to demonstrate the capability of being able to resist distraction, the urge to chase or able to obey to your commands in order to redirect his attention to you.

How to Train Your Dog to Stay Off Leash

You will need:

• A leash
• A collar
• Treats

Some Important Considerations

Always keep your dog's collar on and bring the leash along. You want a leash that can be snapped on quickly upon crossing a trafficked area or a place where there too many distractions that may overwhelm your dog. Never trust your dog 100%. A day may come where your dog may run off and get run over. It takes only one mishap to make you sorry.

1) Is Your Dog Ready?

A dog ready to be off leash trained must be very good on the leash. Signs of good leash training are the following:

-You can walk your dog on a slack leash most of the time

-You hardly feel your dog is on the leash

-Your dog does not pull to meet other dogs or people

-Your dog is perfectly under control when wild life runs by

-You are able to correct your dog efficiently when he appears distracted

-Your dog has a good recall

If your dog is not able to the above, then you need to work more of that weakness until your dog is more reliable. There are various training programs to teach your dog to be distraction proof trained. If your dog is ready in your opinion then you can follow step 2.

2) Find a Good Area

You may want to try a long country road where there are little distractions. Stay away from areas frequented by other dogs or people. If this is difficult try the early hours of the morning. There must be no cars or traffic. Bring along a map of the area and a cell phone. Be prepared on what to do if your dog may run off at some point.

3) Use High Value Treats

When you head to the area do not forget to bring along high value treats. These are not your average dog treats. Think of something your dog really like a lot. Some common favorites are sliced hot dogs, pieces of cheese, ham, cut up steak strips or if you really want ot use something the pros use, try freeze dried liver.

4) Warm Up

Before snapping the leash off for the first time, try to walk at least half hour to drain some energy off your dog. A dog back pack works wonders in making dog more tired especially when packed well with bottled water and other necessities. Warming up will make your dog more relaxed and submissive.

5) Snap the Leash Off

Snap the leash off once your dog appears to be walking comfortably. At tihs point if your dog is very well leashed trained, he may hardly notice he is free. However, to make sure he does not take advantage of his sudden freedom, leave some leash dangling so he thinks he is still on leash. Hands free leashes are good to use as a training aid before off leash training.

6) Correct Swiftly

The most common problem in off leashed dogs is a tendency to walk in front of their owners. This is a big no no. You must decide to use a word command that will swiftly correct the dog to back off to the original position. Something like ''Slow down' or ''Back Off'' may be helpful. Very stubborn cases may be corrected by dangling the leash in front of his face or by spraying with some water each time he tries to move forward. Remember your dog should always be besides you. If his front feet are way in front of you he is leading the pack.

7) Remove Privilege

If your dog still thinks he can do as he pleases, then snap the leash back on and take away the off leash privilege for some time. Your dog does not need to learn all in one day.Rather it takes some time for him to learn to stay always besides you.

8) ''Let's Move On''

If your dog instead tends to slow down and sniff things, walk faster so he feels left behind and tell him ''Let's move on''. Upon catching up give a treat and a pat. But do not get him excited, excitement often makes dogs want to walk faster.

9) Distraction Proof

A major problem of walking off leash, is the variety of sensorial stimulation that derives from wild life. You must be able to teach your dog to leave the squirrels and rabbits alone. This can be done by catching the first signs of trouble swiftly. Watch your dog's posture: if your dog is walking with his head high, ears pricked forward and eyes fixated, then he has tracked something and getting ready for action.

Break this cycle before it is too late. Train your dog to stay nearby you no matter what. Grab a treat and dangle it up his nose saying ''watch'' but he cannot have it until you have passed the rabbit or squirrel. If he looks away give a leash correction sayng ''no'' and have him look at the treat again. Once the distraction has passed, allow your dog to sit and have it. Keep treats always handy for this. Slowly try to take the treats away and substitute the treats with only the word watch. Your dog should make eye contact. Pat and tell how good your dog is once he passes the distraction. You can always give treats every now and then.

10) Make him Attentive

Teach your dog to pay attention to your steps. You want a dog that slows down when you are slowing down and a dog that picks up the pace when you are. Any time you are changing direction give a body cue like slap your hand against your hips or walk heavily making louder stepping noises. At times, stop suddenly, you want your dog to stop as well and look at you. Praise every time your dog makes eye contact and give your attention.

Off leash training as seen is the ultimate gift dogs and owners may enjoy after having graduated from basic and advanced training. It is very well worth it because the satisfaction deriving from having a reliable dog on and off leash is remarkable.