Learn Electronics: Electronics Tutorial

Learn Electronics in this electronics tutorial for students technicians, and enthusiasts. Electronics Basics including - electronic components, resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, ICs, integrated circuits, PCB, soldering, circuit.

How is electricity produced?

We all know that everything on earth is made op of atoms. Each atom is made up of electronics which are negatively charged, protons which are positively charged and neutrons which are neutrally charged or they have no charge. The number of electrons and protons in an atom is always same. Look at the picture on the right.

Now what will happen when electronics, by any means, flow away from the atom (Protons cannot flow away from an atom because they are in the inner orbit than electrons and are very tightly and strongly bonded.)? Yes, this flow of electrons produces electricity.

Let us say there are two objects - A and B with 10 electrons each. Due to friction or any other reason, 2 electrons from the outer orbit of A flows away to B. Now there are 8 electrons in A and 12 electrons in B. What is the net result of this flow of electrons? Yes, object A will get negatively charged because of excess electrons and object B will get positively charged because of Deficit of electrons. This is how electricity is produced.

Electronics refers to the use of electricity produced due to flow of electrons. This is done with the help of conductors, semiconductors PCB or Printed circuit Boards and Circuits.

Ohm's law states that, in a given electrical circuit, the amount at current in amps is equal to the pressure in volts divided by the resistance in ohms. The formula is: I (Current) = V voltage or V = I x RR resistance or R = V/I.

Electronic components are elements that control electricity or flow of electricity using a conductor or a semiconductor.

Passive electronic components are those that do not have gain or directionality. E.g. resistors, capacitors, diodes, Inductors.

Active electronic components are those that have gain or directionality. E.g. transistors, integrated circuits or ICs, logic gates.

An electronic circuit is a closed path formed by connections and interconnection of electronic components through which an electric current can flow. The electronic circuits may be physically constructed using any number of methods.

Types of circuit: Analog circuit, digital circuit, mixed signal circuit

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