This campground is set in the Warner Mountains with the perfect view of all the trees. There are many different trees in this campground.

Getting There: 9 miles east of Likely on Co. Rd. #64, then 2.5 miles northeast on West Warner Road, then 2 miles east on Mill Creek access road.

Elevation: 5,700 feet above sea level

Season: Generally June - October

Facilities:

• 19 RV and tent units/up to - feet
• Picnic table and fire pit at each campsite
• Vault toilets
• Drinking water throughout campsite

Fees: $ 6.00 per night

Horseback riding:

Horseback riding available

Hiking:

Mill Creek Falls is the trailhead for the Clear Lake Trail which leads to Mill Creek Falls and serves as the a major entry way to the trails of the South Warner Wilderness.

Waterfalls:

Mill Creek Falls is approximately a half mile hike (one way).

Fishing:

Fishing is good in both Mill Creek and Clear Lake

Services:

The nearest food, gasoline, and restaurant are located in the town of Likely, California. The nearest 24 hour service is located in Alturas California.

This campground is fairly accessible and has good fishing throughout most of the year. It is also a nice place to take your family. But you must pack in / out your own trash.

Getting There: Located 7 miles east of Adin on the way to Madeline. The road is not paved from Adin to campsite.

Elevation: 4,800 feet above sea level

Season: Generally May - October

Facilities:

• 7 RV and tent units/ up to 22 feet
• Picnic table and fire pit at each campsite
• Vault toilet

Stay Limit: Can stay up to 14 days

Potable Water: NO potable water

Road Conditions: Fair road conditions

Fees: FREE

Fishing: Trout fishing is excellent in Ash Creek.

Services:

The nearest food, gasoline, and restaurant are located in the town of Adin, California. The nearest 24 hour services and hospital are located in Alturas, CA.

Rugged beauty, history, key to the north corner.

The North Warner Tour is separated from the South Warner Tour by SR 299 and Cedar Pass.

The tour heads north on U.S. 395 from Alturas and then turns east on SR 299 over Cedar Pass into Cedarville.

At Cedarville, turn north on County Road 1 towards Lake City. From the Cedarville intersection, drive 5.2 miles north and turn left on Upper Lake City Road. After about a mile Upper Lake City Road again heads north and into Lake City. The hamlet has the distinction of being the first "subdivision" in Modoc and was surveyed by a group of promoters in 1863. Other firsts claimed by Lake City include: the first white man's dwelling; first sawmill; first school, and first wedding.

The Lake City Flour Mill-no longer in production-is well worth a photograph. Park at the intersection at South Water Street, and take a short walk up the hill to the mill on the south side of the road.

The Lake City School still stands, and is now a private residence. It's on the north side of the road about three-tenths of a mile from the flour mill access road. Continue on the County Road 1 and make a left, headed to Fort Bidwell.

Travelers have two options at this point. One option is to take Fandango Pass (State Historical Landmark No. 546), and head back to Alturas. The other option is to take the High Grade route through Fort Bidwell (State Historical Landmark No. 430).

The Fandango tour

Both routes are well worth taking, and the first is Fandango. It heads over Fandango Pass and into the Goose Lake Valley, an area full of pioneer history and tragedy.

Travel north about 10.2 miles from Lake City and take Forest Road 9, the Fandango turn-off. At 2.4 miles on that road pull over and park on the right. Looking up the hill you'll see what looks like a rock wall. It's actually the stabilization of a road bed the U.S. Army built as a route from Fort Bidwell across the Warner Mountains and on across the Devil's Garden. This road replaced the original immigrant trail, which was too steep.

Continue up the road about a ½ mile and on the left you'll see a steep portion of the Lassen-Applegate immigrant trail going straight up the hill.

Fandango Pass is legendary in California history. The Applegate brothers led the first wagon train bound for Oregon over the pass in 1846. Peter Lassen later advertised it (wrongly) as an easier route to California, and in the gold rush of 1849, it was the principal route to California. The emigrants considered the Warners an edge of the Sierra Nevada and incorrectly jumped to the conclusion that the trip was almost over. Crossing Fandango was cause for celebration, including the 19th century fandango dance, which gave Fandango its name.

At the top of Fandango Pass is a historic marker placed by the Native Daughter of the Golden West. Travel 1.2 miles from the monument and to the right you will see Fandango Peak, and to the left is Fandango Valley, the purported site of the Fandango Massacre.

Heading west the tour passes Buck Creek Guard Station, built in 1908 as the first "modern" building on the Modoc forest.

An interesting side trip turns left 0.7 miles beyond Buck Creek and heads to Lassen Creek and the Rainbow obsidian mines. Drive 1.6 miles, and then turn left at the fork. The Rainbow mine is 2.6 miles to the south on Forest Road 46N30. To get to Lassen Creek campground, continue down the road 0.4 miles, turn right and cross the bridge for another 1/3 of a mile. The campground is in a beautiful meadow with no facilities other than a vault toilet. The road is good and accessible to trailers. Permits are required for obsidian mining.

To return to the tour loop, go north to where the four roads come together and go straight on road CR47 to U.S. 395.

Travel across U.S. 395 and follow the loop into Willow Ranch, a one-time bustling logging town. The community had its own school, and its post office was established in 1871. The mill and the post office closed down after World War II. The sawmill burner is still visible near the millpond. The old school still stands. The loop rejoins U.S 395 at CR47.

Once back at the highway, head south and to the Goose Lake overlook. Most of the lake can be seen from that point. The Sugar Hill Viewpoint is about a mile further down the highway. Look up on the east side of the road and you'll see a historic lookout at the top of the peak. This is also a popular spot for hang gliders, who often show up on the weekends.

Further south is the small town of Davis Creek, with its historic buildings and a down-home general store. The Davis Creek Community Church is on the west side of the highway.

Just over 6 miles from Davis Creek, the highway enters a narrow canyon where the rim of the Devil's Garden Lava Platform is visible on the right.

The XL Ranch, owned by the Achumawi (Pit River) tribe, is on both sides of the highway about 10 miles from Davis Creek.

Chimney Rock is in the canyon and a historic marker is on the highway at the turn-off. Immigrants on the Lassen-Applegate trail carved their names in Chimney Rock in the mid 1800's. At one time, a cabin was built into the rock.

U.S. 395 then takes the traveler back into Alturas. Walking and driving tours of historic homes and buildings are available at the Chamber of Commerce. Some especially interesting buildings include the Surprise Valley Electrification offices just as you enter Alturas and the Sacred Heart Catholic Church on Fourth Street east of Main.

The High Grade route

For this version of the tour, you head north out of Lake City for 15 miles to the community of Fort Bidwell, nestled in the far corner of Northeast California. The community began adjacent to the military Fort Bidwell, originally Camp Bidwell, which was settled in 1865. The fort closed in 1893. Fort Bidwell has a tree-lined main street lined with many turn-of-the-century commercial buildings and homes. Of special interest is the Ft. Bidwell Hotel, and as the road comes to a "Y" intersection, sits the now privately owned old Ft. Bidwell School. At one time it handled the area's kindergarten through 12th graders, and until 1960 served as an elementary school.

The Ft. Bidwell Indian Reservation is adjacent and west of town and belongs to the Northern Paiute who inhabited the Great Basin.

At the "Y" intersection the tour takes a left turn. The tour travels up CR 2 and a nice side trip heads into Larry Flat Campground about 4.5 miles northeast of Ft. Bidwell. The campground is 2 miles off of CR 2. A four-wheel-drive only tour uses the same road as Larry Flat, but after 2 miles follow the right fork and drive another 2 miles into the North Star Basin for some very spectacular scenery.

Once back to CR 2, continue 1 mile to the Mt. Vida vista turnout. From there you can see across to Surprise Valley and the north and middle alkali lakes. In the distance you can see the peaks of the South Warner Wilderness and to the far left is the Hayes Mountain Range in Nevada.

Another 2.2 miles up CR 2 finds the traveler at Mt. Bidwell viewpoint. Mt. Bidwell is to the north of the road.

Just 2.6 miles west of the Mt. Vida vista is the Klondyke Gold mine. The road goes through the mine and tourists should be careful where they walk as all High Grade Mining sites are still active, though not much mining is taking place.

Travel from the Klondyke about a ½ mile to the intersection with the road to Dismal Swamp and you'll find High Grade itself. To continue down CR 2 take the left turn, and to go into Dismal Swamp take the right. Whichever trip is taken, there will be numerous mining claims on both sides of the road. Remember that these claims are active, although they are not on private property. Most of them are on historic sites and it is illegal to pick up historic objects. Also there are dangers from mining pits, nails, and possibly chemicals.

Dismal Swamp is also worth a side trip. It is a scenic area with camping, streams, meadows, and historical values.

The area originally was named "Disabel" for the homesteader and the name later changed to "Dismal". On the way in you'll pass through the High Grade Mining District, an aspen grove with some Basque Silvaglyphs, and a meadow. The dam was originally built by the California Conservation Corps and repaired in 1991 by Forest Service personnel to preserve its historic appearance. Once past the dam, the area requires four-wheel-drive vehicles.

Heading west back down the mountain you'll come to Cave Lake, noted for its camping and fishing. This high mountain lake is one of the locals' favorite fishing holes.

Just a ¼ mile west of the Cave Lake turnoff is Lilly Lake, a picture postcard scene, also full of nice-sized trout. Lily Lake also has picnicking, tables, charcoal grills, vault toilets, and piped water. Motorboats are prohibited on the lake.

The road goes down the canyon and winds up in New Pine Creek, a town half in Oregon and half in California. New Pine Creek boasts the Oregon State Park at Goose Lake, a wonderful place for camping or picnicking. To get to the park, turn right at U.S. 395, go a ½ mile and turn left at the Goose Lake Park sign. The camp has a $12 daily fee and includes 50 campsites-with RV and trailer hookups, and showers.

Heading south on U.S. 395 you'll find Stringer's Wild Plum Winery. Wine tasting and shopping is available at the winery. Wild plum wine is much different than sweet plum wine and many people find it fascinating. The winery is open Monday through Saturday, 10a.m. to 5p.m. It is open by appointment only January through March.

From the winery the tour heads back to Alturas along U.S 395 and completes the loop as explained above in the Fandango segment.

Northeast Corner of California

Management Unit: Surprise Field Office

602 Cressler Street

Cedarville CA 96104

(530) 279-6101

Amenities:

• Wildlife Viewing Area
• Interpretive Auto Trail
• Gas Station

Description:

This distinctive 93-mile driving tour takes the traveler through a wide variety of natural settings and points of interest. The Byway forms a loop that begins and ends in Cedarville, California and takes a minimum of three hours without stops. But travelers will be greatly tempted to stop at the many points of interest along the highway.

Historic buldings, pre-historic sites, an 1849 emigrant trail, wildilfe, geology, fossils, hot springs, campgrounds and the vastness of the area will all perk up a visitor's interests. It takes you through a ranching valley, juniper/aspen highlands, and sagebrush steppe. It is a journey not soon forgotten.

The 93-mile route begins and ends in Cedarville. There are some wonderful wildlife viewing opportunities along the byway. Herds of mule deer wander into the fields of Surprise Valley every morning and evening. Stop and listen to the tall sandhill cranes. In early summer thousands of shorebirds will be found on the intermittent lakes. Pronghorn antelope have been known to race beside vehicles in the outback. The outback camper can listen for the coyotes. All of the byway is raptor country with eagles, hawks, kestrels and falcons everywhere.

Driving east from Cedarville the road crosses the causeway over intermittent Middle Lake and them climbs gradually out of the valley to 49 Canyon. Through this pituresque canyon the byway follows the historic California Emigrant Trail. In 1849, this was the principal route of the California Gold Rush. From the eastern end of 49 Canyon the vista extends far out into the Great Basin. The Emigrant Trail from here through the desert to the Humboldt River was a terrible segment in the long journey of the pioneers. The diaries of the emigrants are filled with stories of their struggle and anguish experienced in this land.

The abandoned homesteads in the lonely valleys of the Outback tell another part of the story of western history. The weathered wood frame buildings were built during the last great homesteading era. More land was settled in this country in 1910 than any other year in American history. The pioneers held high hopes but there was a reason this was the last land left to be claimed. In 1920 the inevitable cycle of change came to the West and wet years turned dry.

When the Calvary post of Fort Bidwell was established in 1865 this country was deep in the wilderness. Life for the troopers here was hard and dangerous with little glory or reward. Sergeant Frank Lewis was an outstanding soldier and well-liked by his men. Perhaps he made their lives a little better. But Lewis was very tormented within and shortly after Christmas in 1877 he shot himself in front of bystanders. He died of the stone steps of the Fort Bidwell store which still stands on Bridge Street. The emotions of the troopers were reflected in their action of raising money to buy a tombstone befitting the man. On it they had inscribed a message. You can read what their thoughts wee from that long ago era by going to the calvary section of the Fort Bidwell Cemetary on the hill overlooking the town.

Fandango Pass is one of the legendary places in California history. The 49'ers viewed this site as the pass over the Sierras into California. If they could claim this pass, they had made it. Multiple teams of animals had to be hitched to wagons in order to climb straight up the steep slope. Some will find it hard to believe that the heavy wagons could have made it up here. More than one wagon broke free to go crashing back down the mountain. The road to the top takes only a few minutes and offers a beautiful view.

The settlements in the Surprise Valley were the first in Modoc County and every village in the valley contains buildings form those early years. The drug store and two-story Cressler-Bonner building on Main Street in Cedarville are still in use and look just as they did in the last century. The Lake City Flour Mill on South Water Street is slowly being overtaken by the forest. It was built in 1870 when northeastern California was wild and remote.

There are no facilities along the Back Country Byway except in Cedarville and Fort Bidwell and at Fee Reservoir Campground. Medical and vehicle assistance is available in Cedarville.

Tips:

32-page BLM Byway Tour Guide which tells the historic and prehistoric stories of the Surprise Valley, points out the myraid of attractions in the state line mountains, (from fossils to pictograph site, to wildlife) and reveals some of the secrets here in the silent Great Basin desert is available from the Bureau of Land Management office in Cedarvillle.

Just South of Alturas, CA on Hwy 295

Management Unit: Modoc National Wildlife Refuge

P.O. Box 1610

Alturas, CA 96101

(530) 233-3572

Amenities:

• Mens / Womens Restrooms
• Interpretive Auto Trail
• Hunting
• Leashed Pets
• River Access
• Wildlife Viewing Area

Description:

The 6,280 acre Modoc Wildlife Refuge was established in 1960 to manage and protect migratory waterfowl. Funds available under the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act helped purchase this refuge which lies at 4,300 feet elevation at the base of the Warner Mountains. Water is the key to attracting waterfowl in this high desert area. An extensive system of ponds, dikes and control structures allows for flooding and draining of meadow and marsh. Carefully controlled water levels favor the growth of the foods eaten by waterfowl. Man-made islands afford protection for birds from predators. Hay meadows are managed to provide nesting and feeding habitat for sandhill cranes, ducks and geese.

Visit in the Spring and Fall, as Canada geese and other waterfowl, such as mallard, teal, gadwall, wigeon and pintail ducks are the most conspicuous species. Lesser scaup, golden eye and redhead are less common. Tundra swans may number as high as seven hundred. Spring and fall are good times to see sandhill cranes, waterbirds, shorebirds and warblers. White-fronted geese are seen only in the spring.

In the Summer, Canada geese, mallard, cinnamon teal, pintail, shoveler, gadwall, redhead, wigeon, ruddy ducks such as willet, avocet, black-necked stilt and killdeer also nest on the refuge.

White pelicans, double-crested somorants, great and snowy egrets, and several species of terns, gulls, herons and rails spend the summer here. Red-tailed hawks, marsh hawks and short-eared owls are also common.

The lowest concentration of birds occur during the winter months. Depending upon the severity of the weather, Canada geese, goldeneye, bufflehead, mergansers and a few mallards winter on the refuge. Up to six bald eagles have wintered here.

Mule deer, coyote, skunk, raccoon, mink, muskrat, ground squirrel, cottontail and black-tailed jackrabbit are also year-round residents.

How to Get There:

From I-5 at Redding, CA, take Hwy 299 E to Alturas, then Hwy 395 South to County Road 56-follow signs to Refuge Headquarters

Rules & Regulations:

Visitor Hours- Public use areas are open daily during daylight hours. Contact the refuge manager for special hunting hours.

Wildlife observation and photography- The auto tour route is a good place to begin your wildlife observation. This gravel road encircles Teal Pond. Current road condition information is available from headquarters.

Hunting- A portion of the refuge is open to hunting. Contact the refuge manager for current regulations and seasons.

Fishing- Dorris Reservoir is open to fishing during daylight hours except during waterfowl hunting season. All State fishing regulations apply.

Dogs- Are permitted at Dorris Resivoir if they are on a leash and under close control.

The South Warner Primitive Area was created in 1931. With the passage of the 1964 Wilderness Act, the area became a formal part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. The 1984 Wilderness Act added more land, for a total of 70,385 acres.

The South Warner Mountain Wilderness of the Modoc National Forest is located in the southeast section of the Warner Mountain Ranger District and is 18 miles long by 8 miles wide.The Wilderness has very steep slopes on the east side and moderate slopes on the west. A variety of vegetation adorns the area from high desert sagebrush and juniper to high alpine terrain. The Wilderness offers breathless vistas and the highest peaks in northeast California. All of Modoc County, much of Lassen County, and the Black Rock Desert in Northwestern Nevada are visible from higher areas. Mount Shasta and Mount Lassen can be seen in distant panorama.

The South Warner Wilderness has breathtaking scenery and ample opportunities for hiking, backpacking, horseback riding, hunting and fishing. It offers snowcapped peaks, mountain meadows, sparkling streams, trout fishing amid scenic grandeur, a profusion of colorful flowers and shrubs, and countless birds and small animals.

Blue Fire Burned into the South Warner Wilderness

Areas of the wilderness burned in the 2001 Blue Fire. Visitors are being asked to be cautious when traveling in burned areas.

BE AWARE OF:

BLACKENED TREES; they could be weakened to the point of falling!

STUMP HOLES; A tripping hazard for people and livestock.

WIDOW MAKERS; fallen trees or branches hung up in other trees!

Please check the map at the trailhead to plan alternate Routes of travel as necessary.

Peaks of the South Warner Wilderness

Seven high mountain peaks dominate the South Warner Wilderness. The three most distinctive are Squaw Peak, Warren Peak and Eagle Peak. Squaw Peak at 8,646 feet is a landmark at the north end of the Wilderness. Warren Peak at 9,710 feet marks the north central section. Eagle Peak towers at 9,892 feet in the south central section. Massive cliffs rising dramatically behind Patterson Lake to the north of Warren Peak are typical of the strikingly beautiful geography in the Wilderness.

About Wilderness

Viewed with awe and some misgivings by early settlers, America's wilderness has been interwoven into the Nation's folklore, history, art and literature. Congress directs four federal agencies - the Forest Service, Fish and Wildlife Service, National Park Service, and Bureau of Land Management - to preserve wilderness. The South Warner Wilderness is held in trust by the Forest Service for the use, enjoyment and spiritual enrichment of the American people.

Wilderness is not only a condition of physical geography, but a state of mind. It is a frontier where a visitor creates only limited impact. Wilderness is scenic beauty, solitude, opportunity for recreation or contemplation, and a place of retreat and renewal. One is exhilarated by breathing clean, fresh air and sleeping close to the stars.

Wilderness is defined in the Wilderness Act as federal land "where the earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man...which is protected and managed to preserve its natural conditions." No mechanized conveyances are permitted: one enters a wilderness only on foot or horseback. No facilities or campgrounds are constructed in a wilderness. People are merely visitors: they leave only footprints and take only memories.

The non Forest Service site offers information about the Nation's Wilderness System.

Wilderness Ethics

The wilderness environment is extremely important for recreation, allowing people to enjoy the solitude in a natural environment. In a Wilderness, nature comes first. When using the wilderness and backcountry areas, please practice techniques that protect the land in a natural state to be enjoyed by future travelers.

Minimize evidence of your visit by practicing Leave No Trace traveling. No Trace traveling is more than a technique or set of rules defining appropriate behavior, it is an attitude. When traveling in the South Warner Wilderness, keep these tips in mind:

• camp at least 150 feet from streams, lakes and trails
• pack out everything packed in
• bury body waste at least 150 feet from water
• keep fires small and leave them DEAD OUT
• horses must be tethered or picketed at least 150 feet from water and in such a way as to prevent injury to trees, vegetation and soil
• do everything possible to protect water sources from contamination
• pick up any litter careless travelers may have left - your example may catch on
• please stay on the trails - cutting across switchbacks and trampling meadows can cause erosion and damage the vegetation.
• Any ground disturbance could have a long lasting effect on the environment.

Permits and Maps

Permits are not required to enter the wilderness. To use campfires, propane or gas stoves, and/or propane or gas lanterns requires a California Campfire Permit. The California Campfire Permit authorizes the holder to build camp or warming fires in the Wilderness. Guidelines are listed on the campfire permits.

A map of the Modoc National Forest or South Warner Wilderness can be obtained at any of our Buisness Offices or by mail.

Pack Animals and Hikers

Since forage is limited, it is advisable to take stock feed. Packing hay and unprocessed grain is prohibited. Processed grain or pellitized feed is an excellent substitute. This also helps stop the spread of noxious weeds. Corrals are available at Pepperdine campground. Hikers and Backpackers please note that if travelers with horses are encountered, hikers are to move off the trail at least 8 feet on the downhill side and let them pass. Horses are easily frightened by backpack equipment.

Climate and Weather Conditions

Summer temperatures in the Wilderness provide mild, warm days; cool nights; and light rainfall. Summer lightning storms can occur any time. Maximum high temperatures can be expected during August. The most consistent warm weather is in July and August. Severe snowstorms are likely after mid-September. Snow typically stays in the Wilderness until mid-July. Winter temperature are well below zero degrees Fahrenheit, with snow depths from 6 to 8 feet. Rain or snow can occur during any month of the year. Travelers should always be prepared for inclement weather.

Water

Many water sources are available in the Wilderness in early spring. In wet years, water is abundant through September. In dry years, water may be limited as early as late June. Water sources are closer together on the east side. Experienced Wilderness visitors always carry in their own water. All water in the Wilderness must be boiled for five minutes or filtered before drinking. Chemical purification may not kill harmful organisms.

Trails

On the South Warner Wilderness Trails page you will find a list and basic characteristics of the trails within the South Warner Wilderness. There are 77 miles of trails well suited for hikers and horseback riders. Trail elevations range from 7,000 to 9,000 feet. The South Warner Wilderness may be entered from eight trailhead locations, making much of the area accessible by a series of one-day excursions.Many possibilities exist for loop hikes or rides. One scenic trip begins on the Summit Trail at Pepperdine, head south, then return by Squaw Peak Trail. This is a moderate, one-day hike that covers about 10 miles of trail viewing crystal blue lakes, verdant meadows and alpine splendor.

Winter use

is limited in the Wilderness due to restricted access and high snow levels. Ice fishing is popular at Clear Lake with the best access through Mill Creek Campground. Snow shoeing and Nordic skiing are also available.

Fish and Wildlife

The Rocky Mountain mule deer is the primary large animal seen in the Wilderness, although an occasional mountain lion has been observed. Beaver live along streams and lakes. Rabbits, squirrels, porcupines, chipmunks, coyotes, badgers, bobcats, martens and weasels are common.Bird watchers enjoy quail, dove, geese, duck, woodpeckers, warblers, sapsuckers, flycatchers, owls, hawks and grouse. Rare, endangered or threatened species in the Wilderness include golden eagles, bald eagles, prairie falcons and Goshawk. Opportunities for photographers are endless. For more information you can request a copy of our Wildlife Species list. Hunting and Fishing regulations are set each year by the California Department of Fish and Game Commission. Adjoining the west boundary of the Wilderness is a 6,016-acre California State Game Refuge where all hunting is prohibited. Many of the lakes and streams are stocked with rainbow, brown and brook trout.

Grazing

The South Warner Wilderness was used for cattle and sheep grazing long before it was classified as a wilderness. Grazing was authorized to continue under the 1964 Wilderness Act. Rangelands have traditionally provided forage for wildlife and livestock. Local livestock ranchers depend on grazing permits to supplement their operations. Five cattle and three sheep allotments exist wholly or partially on the South Warner Wilderness. Livestock usually graze on these allotments from July through September, under restrictions designed to maintain the health of the rangeland and riparian areas.

Living Ecosystem

" Keep close to Nature's heart... and break clear away, once in awhile,and climb a mountain or spend a week in the woods. Wash your spirit clean."

-John Muir

In September 1981, a fire raged through the Poison Flat area and burned 575 acres. In September 1987, another fired burned 709 acres in the Highrock Creek area. Both fires were started by lightning. Extremely dry conditions and strong winds caused rapid spread of each fire with spot fires erupting quickly. In some areas, fire swept through the crowns of trees; other areas had ground fire or were unburned. Visitors can now see the natural recovery of plants and animals in each burned area, a living example of the dynamic wilderness ecosystem.