The Product planning means an attempt to establish the product in line with market needs. it is defined " the act of making out and supervising the search .screening and development. and

commercialisation of new product, the modification of existing lines and the which discontinuance of marginal or unprofitable items. " In this definition,

There are there are three important considerations, which are as follows.

1. Evaluation and introduction of new products
2. Bringing alternation in the existing lines to suit the requirements of the market.
3. The discontinuance or elimination of marginal or unprofitable products.

Products planning embraces are activities, which enable producers and middlemen to determine what should constitute a company's line of products. product development and more limited term embraces the technical activities of product research, engineering an d design. The product planning and product development. include the decision- making of the following :-

1. which products should the firm make and which should it buy?

2.Should the Company expand or simply its line?

3. What new uses are there for each item?

4. What brand , package and label should be used for each product?

5. How should the product be styled and designed and in what sizes? colours and materials should they be produced ?

6. In what quantities should each item to be produced?

7. How should the product be priced.

The product Concept consists of there levels :

A The core product

B Related product features

C Related product services.

A.Core product: The product has certain immediately identifiable characteristics and functions that distinguish it from other products or services. The most fundamental level is the core product, which answers the question, " What is the buyer really buying every product is really the packaging of a want- satisfying service.

B. Related product features : These include the brand name the type of packaging , safety components etc.

C. related product services: These include such as delivery, Installation, maintenance, repairs guarantee, etc of the product.

Meaning of product line : A product line is a group of products are closely related. either become they function in a similar manner,or are sold to the same customer groups or are marketed through the same type of outlets. or fall within given price. ranges."

Product StandardsPlay an important part of securing efficiency and economy. it is a measure tis generally accepted as having a fixed value.Product standardization is determined as a result of the scientific study of essential qualities or characteristics of the product. It is fixed taking into consideration the process involved. the nature of product. consumer demand etc.

While fixing the standard of product ,the following physical properties are considered .

1. Basic weight and measures
2. Size
3. Shape and dimension
4. Chemical or technical properties
5. Performance pf product
6. Quality of of unites for sale or handling and
7. other characteristics apparent to human sense.

Therefore product standardization is a technical function involved in measurement an d generally accepted having fixed value.

Standardization and grading enable buying and selling merely on the basis of grade of symbol. in short, it provide:-

1. Moral basis for marketing
2. Lower Marketing cost due to cheaper transport and lower storage charge
3. Economy i handling
4. reduction in risk of loss
5. Easy finiancing
6. Ever expanding markets.