Blood clots can form not only in the arteries but also in the veins often seen it occurs in the deep large veins in the lower limbs.leading to totally or partially blocked circulation of blood .this is a called Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) it is becoming  common among people and is also a serious medical condition.
It is often seen in elderly who are bed ridden from illness, recovering from surgery,cancer,and pregnancy and prolonged medical illness immobility in case of congestive heart failure,respiratory failure or even due to long air travel or DVT can also happen to people on long rides in cars, trains, or buses. ,the symptoms may show swelling of calf, pain and tenderness. Most cases do not show any symptoms and sometimes directly come out with a dangerous complications when the clot dislodges and blocks the pulmonary vessels which supply blood to the lungs ,leading to pulmonary Embolism .which can be fatal indeed.
It is seen that more people die due to this disease in United States than in motor vehicle accidents , breast cancer or AIDS.In India too this disease is coming at par with west .since it is seen that most DVT cases go undiagnosed ,prevention is always recommended over treatment "Dalteparin "the first low molecular weight Heparin is most recommended and prescribed prophylactic therapies worldwide .The primary treatment for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism is blood thinners,anticoagulants, such as heparin, will not only dissolve clots already formed, but will keep them from growing and prevent new ones from forming. Heparin may be given as an injection below the skin surface or into a vein (intravenously).
So we must all campaign for "Protect DVT protectlife".we must create awarenes of DVT among medical community and patient .Try and reduce the incidence of DVT through timely prevention and early diognosis and treatment .Chest pain can be a symptom of both heart attack and pulmonary embolism.

HOW does  DVT  occurs? and how can it be prevented ?
Sitting for long length of time in a seat may result in the accumulating of blood, especially in the lower limbs and cause a clot in a deep vein in the leg ,in some cases, the clot may travel up and deposit in the other internal organs such as the lung or heart of a person,causing serious implications and proves to be dangerous. Certain Simple precautions can help to prevent DVT. Some of these are walking in between the cabin during long flights,so When you walk, the muscles of the legs squeeze the veins and takes the blood towards the heart to give it a rich supply of blood.Even wearing loose clothes and performing simple travel exercises for the calf muscles can prevent this disease to happen,its high time to realize and make other realise before this disease takes toll over masses .
Its advisable to avoid wearing regular socks with tight elastic bands at the top and sitting cross legged for long length of time at one place in particular, this constricts the veins.when you are still for long you must do some leg exercise to keep your blood flowing and reaching the heart

Diagnosis and Treatment of DVT:---

The most recognised FDA-approved medical test to diagnose and detect DVT is the duplex ultrasound,It is a hand held instument which is moved back and forth on the surface of the affected area of the patient, sending sound waves from the body of the sick to a machine that generates and reflects the picture of the flowing blood on the screen for a doctor to evaluate the problem and find out where the clot is .
Secondly venography,can be performed to diagnose DVT if ultrasound does not reflects a clear diagnosis of DVT, In this a dye is injected into the vein of the patient,this makes the flow of the blood visible when an X-ray is taken, Duplex ultrasound, chest X-rays, and other tests are used to detect Pulmonary Embolism.
Even after consuming blood thinners a patient still continues to develop clots, at this stage one have to seek an alternative, such as filters, "umbrella filters," that a surgeon can put into the vena cava, a large vein in the abdomen that returns the oxygen-depleted blood to the heart. The filter is inserted into a folded position and then springs open against the walls of the veins to keep the vein open for blood flow. The filter prevents clotting of the blood .These filters may either be kept in that place permanently or be removed later when the patient feels better.

Another Alternative treatment are potent drugs, known as "clot-busters," are given to the patient intravenously to haste the dissolving of large clots which are unlikely to break up on their own. these drugs are used only in life-threatening conditions because sometimes they cause sudden and severe bleeding.


What makes this disease most likely to happen?
It may be inherited, that causes increased risk for clotting of blood
Having low blood flow in the deep vein due to reasons like injury, surgery, or being immobile for long length of time such as long flights or being bed ridden due to certain other disease, cancer and its treatment or other medical conditions, such as varicose veins.Due to pregnancy and the first six weeks after giving birth to a baby.
If a person is older than age 60 or overweight.sometimes when women take birth control pills or HRT
If for some reason having a medical condition that needs a catheter(tube) placed in a vein to allow easy access to the bloodstream for medical treatment it is called(central venous catheter).