The formation of solid concentrations inside the kidney is called kidney stones, or renal calculi. The formation of solid concentrations, or stones, is due to the aggregation of mineral salts dissolved in the urine. The urine formed in the bladder gets emptied through the urethra. However, the chemicals present in the urine may crystallize and form solids. The size of the kidney stone may get bigger if more chemicals are accumulated to the small masses.

The formation of kidney stones may block the ureter. Some of the small stones formed in the kidney may pass out of the body without causing any symptoms. However, there will be some symptoms only if the size of the kidney stone gets bigger. Sudden onset of pain is the first visible symptom of kidney stone. Other symptoms like pain in the groin, nausea, and vomiting is also associated with kidney stone.

Kidney stone can be prevented if we regularly follow some of the preventive measures. Drinking more fluid everyday helps in better functioning of the kidney. It is necessary to drink at least 8 to 10 glasses of water everyday. Diet is also major factor when it comes to kidney stone. Foods rich in fiber and calcium should be preferred for treating kidney stones. It is also necessary to minimize the amount of salt in our food.

There are various new innovative treatment methods for kidney stone. Nowadays, laser rays are used to break the solid concentrations into smaller particles. Medications for treating the infection and reducing the pain can also be used. Extreme cases of kidney stones can be treated with surgical procedures. Patients with kidney stones should follow a proper diet suggested by the physician.

You can read this report called "New Kidney Stones Breakthrough" which is a good resource to know more about this.