Simone Weil (1909-1943) was a Christian French philosopher, activist of the resistance against Nazi in the World War II, sister of the mathematician André Weil. Simone Weil, who was born in a godly Jewish family in Paris, France on February 3, 1909, sometimes used the anagrammatic pen name Emile Novis, and died of cardiac failure in Ashford, Kent, England 24 August 1943.

She was raised comfortably for her father was a doctor. The mathematician AndréWeil was her only sibling. Simone Weil was a very precocious and excellent girl. At an early age, she was aware of social issues. During World War I, knowing the French soldiers at the front were short of sugar, five-year-old Simone Weil refused to take any sugar. When she was six, she could cite the French play poet Jean Racine (1639–99). At 10 years of age, she declared herself a Bolshevik. At 12, she had been versed with ancient Greek. After discovering the Bhagavad Gita, she learned another language Sanskrit.

Under the tutelage of her admired teacher Emile Chartier known as “Alain” at the Lycee Henri IV, Simone Weil entered the National University. In her teens, she was entitled "Red virgin." and even "The Martian" by her teacher because of her radical opinions. At the École Normale Supérieure she passed the aggregation of philosophy in 1931. Ever since she started teaching in various high schools.

In order to understand the reasons for the rise of fascism, she spent a few weeks in Germany in the early 1930s. When teaching philosophy in Le Puy, she became a local political activist. She was enthusiastic with supporting workers’ strike and the unemployed. She also gave much of her income to the needy. During her short life although teaching was her basic employment, she temporarily abandoned her career so that she could concentrate herself on participating in the French General Strike in 1933, on calling to protest unemployment and wage cuts, on advocating worker's rights. At this time, she was a Marxist, pacifist, and trade unionist. She wrote political, social and economic issues including Oppression and Liberty and lots of short articles for trade union journals to propagandise Marxist thought.

In 1936 she became an Anarchist near Zaragoza, Spain, training for the Spanish Civil War, but after accidentally being scalded by boiling oil, she went to recuperate in Portugal. With her parents she fled to the United States in 1942 then went to London to collaborate with the French Resistance. sympathizing with her French countryman during Nazi invasion, Simone Weil refused to eat more rationed food although she had been suffering throughout her life from bad headache, sinusitis and disorder. In addition, punishing work and malnutrition finally led her health to collapse. She was found to have tuberculosis and died after a few months in a sanatorium.

In her writings she analyzed the individual's relationship with the state and God, the spiritual shortcoming of modern industrial society, and the horror of totalitarianism while exploring her own religious life. Most of her works were collected and published posthumously, which had special impact on the social thought of both French and English . While in Assisi in the spring of 1937, she became enchanted with religion so from 1938 on her writings became more mysterious and spiritual. These thoughts appeared in her philosophy which contained elements of both spirituality and politics.

Weil's works were gathered into about 20 volumes. Her most significant writings are La Pesanteur et la grâce (1947; Gravity and Grace), a collection of religious short articles and aphorisms; L'Enracinement (1949; The Need for Roots), a note about the resposibility of individuals and a nation; an autobiography - Attente de Dieu (1950; Waiting for God), Oppression et Liberté (1955; Oppression and Liberty), a collection of short articles for union trade about politics, philosophy and other topics; and three volumes of Cahiers (1951–56; Notebooks)