Even if you just plan on a day hike, or one that does not involve tent camping, you need to be prepared of you could loose your life in an area that seems friendly and welcoming.

The first rule is to take along enough water, especially if hiking in the desert southwest. One gallon per person is a good rule, more if it is very hot.

Water storage devices such as the Camelback may be fitted to your backpack or worn directly on the back.

You must carry a good map of the area, even if the trail signs seem self explanatory. Signs may be missing and if you take a wrong turn you could be lost. Once you are lost you are no longer day hiking so being without a tent and sleeping bag to prevent hypothermia could be fatal if the temperature falls.

Along with a good map a reliable pocket compass is crucial to understand your bearing in relation to the map. You should be able to find a recognizeable landmark and using the map and compass find the original trail.

Sunburn can be a problem so wear SPF 30 or higher waterproof sunblock and sunglasses. Sunglasses are important to take along even in the winter when snow blindness can occur.

A small day pack can hold extra food. Snacking will help you keep your energy level up and a few high energy food bars can give you that energy you need.

Carry a small mirror to signal for help and a cell phone if there is cell phone service in the area. You should not rely on a cell phone for your safety, since batteries die and since cell phones do not work in many mountainous areas. For longer, wilderness hikes there are devices such as the SPOT Satellite Messenger that you can use anywhere on the planet to call for help.

Keep a couple of large leaf trash bags in your day pack to use as rain ponchos.

Make sure your hiking boots are trail worthy. Discount store hiking boots do not provide enough arch and ankle support for all day hiking. You'll need to spend upwards of $100 to get a good pair. Try several on to find the absolute best fit.

Lastly, pay attention to the weather forecast for the area you will be hiking in before leaving. Approaching thunderstorms can mean serious lightning or flooding in mountainous areas. Ask the local ranger about dangers and wildlife activity such as bears. 

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