When you install iTunes, it comes with a few other programs and background processes that help integrate the connection between the iPod and the computer function better.  The iTunes Helper is one such process.  It runs in the background and unless you access Task Manager, you would never even know it was there.  It is a minimal process, takes up very little space and memory but it helps communication between iTunes and the iPod or iTouch when both are up and running.

The iTunes Helper runs in the background before iTunes begins running. It typically loads when you turn on your computer and Windows loads itself. While running in the background, the iTunes Helper relays basic information to and from an iPod or iTouch. This takes some of the lesser functions of iTunes, such as certain ID3 and artwork syncs and runs while iTunes itself focuses on more heavy issues. Heavier, memory-based issues include transferring music and other media to a device, backing up the music library or performing a firmware update.

While the iTunes Helper does help background processes, you can disable the process without much risk to how the iPod or iTouch interacts with iTunes although most people will just let it run since it is a minimal process. If you are not sure whether or not the iTunes Helper is causing a particular issue when your iPod or iTouch is connected, you can visit Apple's Support Forums to see if other users are experiencing similar problems and any troubleshooting tips from there.

If you are no longer using an iPod or iTunes, you can safely disable the iTunes Helper.  However, if this is the case, uninstalling iTunes is the only way to completely eliminate the iTunes Helper from your background processes.  You can uninstall iTunes by using its uninstaller or an uninstall program to do it.  This will eliminate iTunes and all background processes associated with it, including the iTunes Helper.