Thrush is a very common infection caused by a yeast known as Candida albicans. Candida occurs naturally in the body and can be found in warm damp areas, such as the mouth and genitals. It is usually harmless, however certain changes may occur which causes the Candida to grow quickly and cause an infection, when this happens it can no longer be kept under control by the body's immune system or other bacteria in the body.

Candida is usually found in the vagina, making thrush more likely to develop in women. However, men with a foreskin are more likely to get thrush because the warmth and damp underneath encourages the fungus to grow more easily.

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Thrush is not a STI, because many people already have a small amount of it in their bodies, although it can be picked up from a partner when having sexual intercourse. It is actually more common in men who are not sexually active. However, there are multiple factors which are more likely to cause an outbreak of Thrush.

These include:

• Taking certain medications such as antibiotics which affect your immune system
• Being generally run down. Again, this is because your bodies immune system is not functioning as it should.
• Wearing tight fitting trousers or underwear
• Pregnancy
• Diabetes

Common symptoms in Women

Redness, inflammation, soreness and itching around the vaginal area and anus

Creamy white discharge from the vagina

Pain during sexual intercourse

Burning pain when going to the toilet and passing urine

If you are pregnant the infection will not harm your baby.

Common symptoms in Men

Itching redness, inflammation, burning and red patches on the genitals

Pain when passing urine

A yellowy discharge under the foreskin

Swelling and cracking of the foreskin tissue

Symptoms of Oral Thrush

White, creamy or yellow colored spots in the mouth

An uncomfortable burning sensation in the mouth or back of the throat

Oral Thrush often occurs in newborn babies, as well as older people who wear dentures, people with poor nutrition (a nutritional imbalance), diabetics, people on antibiotics, or anyone suffering from an immune deficiency.

How is it diagnosed?

Tests for Thrush are very simple, and although they are not painful they may be a little uncomfortable and usually takes the form of an examintation by the doctor or nurse where swabs are taken from the infected area and studied under a microscope.

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