a nose is a nose is a nose

An electronic nose (e-nose) is a device to identify odour and chemical makeup

An electronic nose consists of electronic sensors,

and a neural network .

Electronic noses have been large and expensive. .

The smallest version, a nose-on-a-chip is a single computer chip containing both the sensors and the processing components.

When a specific receptor on e nose receives a molecule, it sends a signal to the brain and the brain identifies the smell associated with that particular molecule.

Electronic noses based on the biological model work in a similar manner,. Electronic noses are one example of a growing research area called biomimetics ,or biomimicry, which involves human-made applications patterned on natural phenomena.

Electronic noses were originally used for quality control applications in the food, beverage and cosmetics industries.

Current applications include detection of odors specific to diseases for medical diagnosis, and detection of pollutants and gas leaks for environmental protection.

Problems That the E-Nose Does Best:

• Identification of spilled chemicals
• .Quality classification of grain.
• Water and wastewater analysis.
• Identification of source and quality of tea
• qulaity of wine
• quality of tea
• Rancidity measurements of olive oil
• Diagnosis of ulcers by breath tests.
• Freshness of fish.
• Process control of cheese,
• sausage,
• beer,
• and bread manufacture.
• Bacterial growth on foods such as meat and fresh vegetables

Electronic Noses for Environmental Monitoring

Enormous amounts of hazardous waste (nuclear, chemical, and mixed wastes) were generated by more than 40 years of weapons

Environmental applications of electronic noses include analysis of fuel mixtures

1. , detection of oil leaks
2. testing ground water for odors,
3. and identification of household odour
4. identification of toxic wastes,
5. air quality monitoring,
6. and monitoring factory emissions.

Electronic Noses for Medicine

can examine odors from the body (e.g., breath, wounds, body fluids, etc.) and identify possible problems. Odors in the breath

can be indicative of gastrointestinal problems, sinus problems, infections, diabetes, and liver problems. Infected wounds

and tissues emit distinctive odors that can be detected by an electronic nose.

Odors coming from body fluids can indicate liver and bladder problems.

A more futuristic application of electronic noses has been recently proposed for telesurgery While the inclusion of visual, aural, and tactile senses into telepresent systems is widespread, the sense of smell has been largely ignored.

An electronic nose will potentially be a key component in an olfactory input to telepresent virtual reality systems including telesurgery.

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Electronic Noses for the Food Industry

Currently, the biggest market for electronic noses is the food industry . Applications of electronic noses in the food industry

include quality assessment in food production , inspection of food quality by odor, control of food cooking processes , inspection of fish, monitoring the fermentation process, checking rancidity of mayonnaise, verifying if orange juice is natural, monitoring food and beverage odors , grading whiskey, inspection of beverage containers, checking plastic wrap for containment of onion odor, and automated flavor control to name a few. In some instances electronic noses can be used to augment or replace panels of human experts. In other cases, electronic noses can be used to reduce the amount of analytical chemistry that is performed in food production especially when qualitative results will do.

ELECTRONIC NOSES FOR BOMB SNIFFING

THE FUTURISTIC PLAN IS TO UTILISE ELECTRONIC NOSES FOR SMOKE DETECTORS AND BOMB SNIFFERS AND TO GRADUALLY REPLACE THE DOGS FOR INVESTIGATION