history of behaviorism Part 3
65Behaviorism Part 3
When it came to understaning And meaning Skinner looked at them as radically different things in beahvior analysis. Understanding may be understood with a a conditioned emotional response.When , for example , the listenser blushes at the mention of social error, he can be said to have understood what was said to the extent that his reaction was appropirate to the original event the listener understands to the exrent that he he tends t act appropriately ( Skinner 1957, p. 278). He also goes on to say that understanding sometimes means knowing reasons. Basically Sknner is saying that an individual simply does noy respaond like dogs and cats do, but we a s humans speak to ourselves, and based on specification of the contingencies, a person then coordinates his or her actions with the prevailing contingencies, along with what was said. When it comes to Meaning, in consideration of a behavioral analysis, such notions distract scientists from uncovering the controlling variables of verbal behavioris afunction, namely, environmental factors( Lee 1981) .
When it comes to Abnormal behaviors Skinner sees the mothods no different , either Quantitatively or qualitatively, in the their development and maitanance from other behaviors ( Ullamn & Krasner, 1975. P. 2) Thus, there is not the view that there is a set of normal processes that results in normal behavior and a set of abnormal processes that accounts for abnormal behavior. Rather, the same set processes is used to explain botnabnormal and normal behavior. Skinner’s science of beahvior can be aplied to most practical problems where behavior change is the goal. Simply describing abnormalities in objective behavioral terms brings us one step closer to fixing the problem. Another aspect of behaviorism which is used beisides operant conditioning is Classical conditioning. In the early 1900s, Ivan Pavlov had already won a Noble peace prize for his studies on the reflexes involved in digestion. As I learned ealy in the class Classical conditining is a kind of learning in which neutral stimulus acquires the ability to produce a response that was originally produced by a different stimulus.In classical conditioning thecoditioned stimulus is preented enough times with the unconditioned stimulus that when the conditioned stimulus is presented alone it would produce a response. As I mentioned earlier with my brothers cat, it probably got conditioned to me coming out every morning feeding it, that when I don’t feed it responds with either scratching or purring.
Another part of behaviorsim would be behavior modification which is the treatment or therapy that changes or modifies problems or undesirable behaviors by using principles of learning based on operant conditioning, classical conditioning and social cognitive learning. For thirty five years, psychologist and researcher ivar Lovaas of the University of California at Los Angles has used behavior modification to treat autism.
As Skinner explained Behaviorism also goes beyond what we can observe externally it also involves what is internal. addressing some things such as hunger and thirst we can now at this present time research theinner working of neurons and truly find out how we function with basic needs as thirst and hunger.
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