Housing a pet rat can be as expensive as $100 dollars and as inexpensive as $20. Depending on the size and quality of the cage kept in. You can use either a wire cage or an aquarium, though both have advantages and disadvantages. Aquariums must be kept cleaner, because they lack ventilation. However, they are easier to clean because you can simply change the littler. And wipe down the sides of the cage. Wire cages are harder to clean, unless they have a pullout bottom, that does not disturb the rats. However, it is important to know that rat urine corrodes metal, plastic bottoms are always best. Rats enjoy multiple climbing levels. As well as nesting boxes and other toys.

The best place to keep your rats are in a room where your family gathers often. Rats are very social creatures. And enjoy the interaction. You also want to keep your rats off the floor and away from any areas that are drafty. It's important to know that rats need a period of darkness at night. Rats that are subjected to constant light are more prone to tumors.

Litter is an important part of your rat's new home. Litter is the material placed in the bottom of the cage to absorb urine. Pine and cedar litters can be toxic to rats. Aspen shavings are safe to use, however there are other litters that are good for controlling odor. They also work more effectively and make less of a mess then the wood shavings.

Bedding, which rats use to create a nest and to keep warm, is another material you will need. Paper shavings work fine, however avoid paper with ink on it. Safe bedding papers include, non-printed newspaper, facial tissues, paper towels, and the perforated edges torn off of continuous-feed computer paper. Felt is another safe alternative to bedding, and is also safe for maternity bedding. You can use hay or alfalfa as well, as long as it's not dusty or moldy. Bedding is only needed in the winter. During the summer you can provide your rat with a nestbox. The nestboxes can be made out of a number of things such as soft plastics (like a milk jug) or fabrics. Both of which must be replaced periodically, due to chewing. Cardboard also makes an excellant nestbox but must be replaced often, when wet or soiled, and when chewed. You can buy nestboxes made out of a heavier plastic which last longer. Rats also like jars or cans, make sure both are cleaned throughly before placing into the rat habitiat. Rats like their nests to be up off the floor, they are also naturaly climbers. Consider hanging their nest, which also saves floorspace in their cage.

A water bottle, that is chew-proof and also prevents spilling is recommended. It also keeps your rats water clean. Also, rats like to move their food dishes around and pile litter over them to hide their food. So either a heavy dish that can't be tipped easily or one that attaches to the side of the cage is recommended. Be sure to provide your rat with two different food dishes, one for dry food and one for moist food and treats. Be sure to wash your the cointainer used for moist food daily.

Rats are very active creatures and should have plenty of toys available for play. They enjoy climbing on, under, or through tubes, ladders, ropes, branches, or hammocks. Be sure to check all new rat toys for sharp edges or places where small toes may get stuck. Tubes and ropes can be hung from the top of the cage, to give them the climbing they desire. While ladders can be placed between multiple levels of the cage. A cinder block placed on its side makes an excellant climbing toy. As well as a place to hide. It also helps to wear down sharp nails.

Another type of toy to consider is a rat wheel. Be sure that your wheel is made of solid metal or plastic to prevent your rats tail or feet from getting stuck. Also, consider food toys, a toy that makes your rat work to get a treat. While hamster and mouse toys may be to small for your rat, ferret and bird toys work great.

Rats are natural burrowers, and often enjoy digging in the dirt. Filly a 12 to 15 inch container halfway with potting soil and keep it moist. Perhaps plant some wheat grass or other ediable grasses in the box for rats to nibble on while digging.

The thing your rat needs most is your attention. Rats are social creatures, that love to be the center of attention. They enjoy having free run of the house to explore and get into everything. Make sure you have enough time for your pet rat. And that you give them the loving attention they deserve.