Orchids are a huge plant species with many, many thousands of varieties occurring naturally, not to mention the hybrid versions that have been developed by horticulturalists. The number of orchid species actually outnumber the amount of mammals by around four times. These remarkable plants are found all over the world and can be ground dwelling (terrestrial) or grow on rocks (lithophytes) or trees (epiphytes).

Despite their delicate appearance, orchids are actually surprisingly resilient and can take well to growing in a range of different environments. Most people would never consider growing orchids themselves due to the perceived complexity of this process. In actuality however, taking care of orchids is not that hard; you just need to be familiar with the needs of your particular variety and stick to a five step care regimen to ensure that you deliver what they need to thrive.

1. Water with caution

Over-hydrating is perhaps the most common way in which well-meaning owners damage their plant. The vital thing to remember with orchids is that they do not like having to deal with too much moisture; this increases the chances of fungal infections which can lead to root rot.

Most orchids will not need to be watered any more than once a week, but before adding any moisture to the pot, you should check the dampness of the planting medium and only water if this feels almost dry. You should select a specialist potting matter that is formulated for orchid growth as ordinary soil will pack too tightly around the roots and starve them of air.

Bear in mind, that you may need to alter your hydrating schedule as the seasons vary and temperatures change. With some varieties, you will need to water less during their dormant period to allow for re-blooming.

2. Take care of the temperature

There is considerable variation in the temperatures demanded by individual varieties of orchids and it is paramount to the success of your plant to be familiar with its exact requirements. Like most plants, orchids need a drop in their overnight temperature, usually by between 10-15 degrees F. You will also need to accommodate for lower temperatures during the plant’s period of dormancy.

3. Look after the light

Flooding your orchid with sunlight is not enough; you have to ensure that the type of light matches what the plant would normally receive in its natural habitat. Damage will be caused if you subject your plant to intense, direct sunlight so you need to take care that the light is filtered and reaches the orchid in a diffuse form.

4. Boost the humidity and the air circulation

Orchids are mist-loving plants due to their steamy native habitats. The high humidity levels needed by almost all species are not normally present indoors so active measures need to be taken to supplement these by artificial means. Often, just a simple action like placing a vessel of water nearby is sufficient.

5. Top it up with fertiliser

Most owners underestimate the importance of feeding their plant. An orchid that grows outdoors will get nutrients from many different sources; rainwater and decayed plant-matter being some of them. A plant living indoors will, of course, miss out on this so you need to top up regularly with a nitrogen feed. Experts recommend the “weekly, weakly” regime of administering a weak solution every seven days or so. Remember to always follow fertiliser directions accurately.