I'd like to know about the qualities of wine, what is exactly a dry wine, heavy or light.

Dry wine is simply a wine with little sugar left in it after the fermentation process. Think of it as the opposite of sweet wine. It usually refers to white wines.

Heavy wine is wine that's extremely full-bodied and has a very intense flavor. Usually reds fall into this classification. Generally you'll find that heavy wines are produced in warmer climates where the grapes get a lot of heat and sun as they're growing. Take the US, for instance. Most of the "heavy" wines are produced in California, while Oregon and Washington state tend to produce lighter wines -- and it's all because of the climate. Wines produced in California and South America tend to be heavier than their European counterpart.

So no. Not all Cabernets are considered heavy.

Ironher has some great answers below. I would add that many of the words used to describe wines can be very confusing. While there can be a great amount of diversity within a specific variety (Cab, Merlot, Rielsing etc) a good rule of thumb is that several examples of a single varietal will have many characteristics in common.

Soooo...for the most part, yes, most Cabs are going to be "heavy" relative to say, Pinot Noir. This is due to several factors, Cab has more sugar and more tannins in general and this is due to the type of grape it is. Variations in the wine making process can change the characteristics somewhat, but the norm will be that Cab is a bold, strong, tannin flavored wine.

My girlfriend likes sweet, white wines, so she drinks a lot of Pinot Gris or Pinot Grigio...also, a decent rule of thumb with whites is that the cheaper the wine the higher the sugar content, so if you like sweeter whites...go for the cheaper priced bottles or wine by the glass.

Check out the link below which has a great breakdown of common wine types and their characteristics.

http://www.frenchscout.com/types-of-wines