68
- 0
How Knives Are Made
- 0
Let's Talk About Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs, a group of fossil reptiles that were dominant during Mesozoic times, and became extinct at the end of that era. They were highly variable in size, some of them attaining enormous proportions, while others were quite small. Dinosaurs were mostly land animals.
- 0
What is a catapult?
- 0
History of Kite Flying
- 0
What is Weight Lifting?
Weight lifting is a sport or recreation in which the participant lifts specified weights, usually barbells or dumbbells, over his head by muscular effort alone.
- 13
Pirate Goats!
I've been a hubber now for what, almost 6 years? Though I have been absent, missing in action even, for the last 12 months, and here I have popped up again, a self-described Children's Book Author. How did that happen? WHY did that happen? You...
- 44
Zujava
I'm not one to have all my eggs in one basket, that's why I like the fact that there are sites like Zujava around to complement my HubPage efforts.
- 27
Trackers - Episode III
I've written two hubs on referrals and tracking. They're still worth reading, and you're probably better off reading them before you read this hub. This hub is less formal. I've often dished out advice on the forum, and via email, to people wanting...
- 20
Spartacus - Blood and Sand
Spartacus: Blood and Sand is a sword and sandal epic made for the small screen on a decent sized budget. Shot in New Zealand (because it's cheaper than anywhere else), the majority of the cast being Australians (because they're better than everyone else*) and featuring more violence and nudity...
- 14
Beans
Bean is the common name for a number of pod-bearing plants of the pea family, particularly those belonging to the genus Phaseolus. Among the most widely cultivated beans are several varieties of kidney bean, including the snap bean and wax bean; the lima bean; the broad bean; and several ornamental...
- 11
Pears
Pears vary from green to yellow, flushed with pink, and may even be dark brown. They are second only to apples as an important commercial fruit.
- 8
Asparagus
Asparagus was a favorite vegetable with the ancient romans, and still consumed widely today. possesses a perennial root and yields the edible stalks every spring. The young stems, or spears, of the asparagus plant are valued as a food delicacy. A plant may continue producing for 16 years.
- 10
Ginger
Ginger is a tropical perennial herb (Zingiber officinale) of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), extensively grown for its aromatic rhizomes. It probably originated in tropical Asia and has long been cultivated in many tropical countries. It is...
- 13
URLs
Uniform Resource Locator What is a URL? URL is just a fancy, though abbreviated way, of saying "website address". Typically speaking, when someone asks for a "website" they'll just give you the domain name, eg: www.amazon.com If someone is...
- 17
New Zealand
New Zealand is a country within the British Commonwealth, consisting of two large and several groups of smaller islands in the South Pacific Ocean. Located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean 1,900 km east of southern Australia. New Zealand became a...
- 56
Three Steps to HubPages Success
Using HubPages is as easy as 1, 2, 3. And I'll be giving three tips on each step. Here's what we'll be covering: 1. Three Suggestions... on how to write. 2. Three Ways... to make money. 3. Three Methods... to get visitors. In short there are...
- 4
The Facts About Nutrition
To ensure healthy growth, an alert happy childhood and a vigorous healthy adult life, an efficient diet must be provided - efficient in the sense that it is balanced and of the right kind. What you eat influences how healthy you are.
- 16
The Facts About Minerals
Minerals are necessary for life and health. Some, such as calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium are required in large amounts, while others are needed in much smaller quantities, and are therefore called trace minerals. We obtain minerals from...
- 16
The Facts About Vitamins
At the beginning of this century a chain of discoveries were made, which could have changed the entire course of medicine, had we been ready for it. These were the discoveries of vitamins A, B and C. Vitamins are a group of totally unrelated...
- 44
Multimillion Dollar Home For Sale
Imagine standing on the balcony at the top of a house and knowing that if you were to go over the railing and fell, you'd be dead. Okay, it's a gruesome start to a sales pitch but this is no ordinary house for sale. 14 kilometers from the...
- 74
Backlinking
A backlink (also known as 'incoming links' or 'inbound links') is a link on a webpage, one you may own or usually somewhere else, that links to your target webpage or website. To contextualize it: at hubpages a backlink is an incoming link to your...
- 17
How Did We Get Our Calendar?
The calendar is a manmade system of dividing and measuring time. It involves the fixing of some definite era or point of time as a basis for reckoning (e.g: the Birth of Christ), and then the division of time into convenient periods. These periods...
- 16
Adobe Photoshop
The only limit is your creativity, imagination and talent. With Adobe Photoshop fantasy becomes reality, fiction appears to be fact and your dreams come to life in photo-quality images. From creating the surreal to touching up the real, you can...
- 20
Pirates & Piracy
Piracy is as old as travel by sea. Pirates harried the commerce of Phoenicia, the world's first maritime nation, and piracy persisted into the middle of the 19th century when it rapidly declined as a continuous menace, flaring up only occasionally thereafter, especially in the China seas. When the...
- 13
Ticks
All ticks are parasites, some of which transmit diseases to man and animals. Ticks differ from insects in having eight legs in the adult form. They have no wings but are often wind-borne to their hosts or else crawl up stems of grass or other plants and are brushed onto the animal. After feeding,...
- 41
ASCII Art
As early as 1867 typewriters have been used for creating visual art. In the late 70s and early 80s computers were limited in terms of graphics and via computer bulletin board systems of ASCII art became widespread. As the Internet began to develop and thrive with technology making the use of high...
- 9
Boer War
Boers (from Dutch boer, farmer, husbandman), name given to the Dutch settlers in South Africa. They began to settle there in the 17th century and were augmented by some 200 Huguenots in 1688 and succeeding years, and later by Germans. The British attempt to exert control over the Dutch Boer...
- 4
The Fez
The fez cap originates from Byzantine Greece. It was popularized by the military of the Ottoman Empire. It was quickly adopted by the Turks and was worn by many different religious and ethnic groups across Southern Europe and the Middle East in the 19th century. In the West the fez is seen in...
- 6
Monotremes
Monotremes are egg-laying mammals of the sub-class Prototheria, the most primitive of living mammals. There are only two families, the duck-billed platypus of Australia and the spiny anteater (Echidna) of New Guinea and Australia. Monotremes have...
- 102
Knoji (the rip-off site formerly known as Factoidz)
Things have changed at Factoidz. And it's now known as Knoji. The comments on this hub are most enlightening, I suggest you only skim through the information on this page (which reflect how Factoidz USED to work) and read the first hand experiences...
- 9
The Art and Science of Fencing
Originally the art of attack and defense with sword or rapier in single combat, the word is now usually applied to friendly contests for sport with blunted weapons. The sword and buckler combats of Tudor times were superseded at the end of the 16th Century by combats with the Italian cut-and-thrust...
- 22
Beards - They Grow On You!
Beards have been worn from ancient to modern times and have gone through many changes in style, from neatly cut and closely trimmed to flowing and full. The beard is often associated with authority, as in the cases of the Assyrian king, King Henry VIII, and Emperor Franz Joseph. Beards have been...
- 3
The Complete Guide To Asterix
The Complete Guide To Asterix by Peter Kessler is a must read for anyone who has picked ever picked up an Asterix book. It's sure to be enjoyed by both young and old Asterix fans. It gives an insight into the history of Asterix and his creators...
- 38
Narcissism
Narcissism is a psychological term used to denote fixation at an infantile emotional level. Although intellectually developed, the narcissistic person adopts a childish emotional attitude to life. Narcissism is a causal factor in the origin of neurosis.
- 10
Genghis Khan
At his birth Genghis Khan (born Temujin) the Mongols were a scattered nomad people feuding among themselves, and raiding Tatar settlements in northern China. Through alliances Temujin was able to dispose of rivals and gradually weld together a force capable of subjugating the Naiman and Kereit...
- 1
Greek Philosopher: Epictetus
Epictetus was one of the greatest of the Stoic philosophers. Born Phrygia, in Asia Minor, sometime between 50 to 55 AD. He became a slave in Rome, but (like many slaves at that time) he was given a liberal education. He studied under Musonius Rufus,...
- 3
Greek Philosopher: Carneades
Carneades was an outstanding exponent of the phi losophy of Skepticism. He founded the New Academy, a continuation of the famous school of philosophy begun by Plato.
- 3
Greek Philosopher: Theophrastus
Theophrastus studied under the great philosophers Plato and Aristotle. In 323 B.C. he succeeded Aristotle as head of the Peripatetic school of philosophy. Like Aristotle, Theophrastus was interested in natural phi losophy, or science. He wrote works on zoology, psy chology, botany, and other topics.
- 1
Greek Philosopher: Xenocrates
Xenocrates was Greek philosopher born around 396 BC in Chalcedon, Bithynia, Asia Minor. In 380 BC he migrated to Athens, where he studied philosophy under Plato and eventually presided over Plato's Academy from 339 until his death. As a member of...
- 14
Nook: The World's Most Advanced eBook Reader
Barnes & Noble have just announced the news of the release on 20th October of their eBook reader "Nook". Details are still a little light, but here's what I've learned so far in point form: Over one million titles will be available. Color touch...
- 2
Greek Philosopher: Zeno of Elea
Zeno of Elea was a Greek philosopher born in Elea in southern Italy early in the 5th century BC. He was the favorite disciple of Parmenides, whom he accompanied to Athens in 448, and whose doctrine of the One he upheld in a series of famous paradoxes, e.g. Achilles and the Tortoise. Aristotle...
- 5
Greek Philosopher: Zeno of Sidon
Zeno of Sidon was a Greek philosopher. Born in Sidon, Phoenicia (now Lebanon) in around 150 B.C. He directed the Epicurean school at Athens after 100 B.C. and is known chiefly from the philosophical dialogues of Marcus Tullius Cicero, who attended...
- 29
Hubpages Works
On the 12th of February 2009 I decided, finally, that publishing articles at HubPages would be far more profitable for me than publishing them elsewhere. It was never a question of me finding the time or the inspiration to write, it was about where...
- 10
How InfoBarrel Works
Much like HubPages, InfoBarrel is another site which allows you to publish content and splits the ad impressions with the author. In short, it's another way to make passive income online. If you're looking to not have all your eggs in one basket,...
- 12
Certificate IV in Training and Assessment (TAA40104)
Vocational Education and Training (VET) means education and training for work. This training system recognises the knowledge and skills of learners across 6 different levels of qualification ranging from Certificate 1 through to Advance Diploma. ...
- 9
Apprenticeships
An apprentice is a person who learns a craft or trade under the supervision of a skilled worker. An apprenticeship is the procedure by which young persons acquire the skills necessary to become proficient in a trade, craft, art, or profession under...
- 32
Making Money from Jokes
Heard a good joke lately? Or perhaps you've come up with a new one or added a twist to an old one. You've retold a jokes to family, friends or workmates and have been rewarded with a hearty laugh, snerk or chortle. That joke, pun, story or one...
- 3
Fishing Techniques and Tips
Since the earliest times, humans have hunted fish for food. The first flesh ever to be eaten, it has remained a popular and important item of our diet because of its delicate flavor and high protein content. The basic appeal of fishing is the excitement of the contest between man and fish. Sport...
- 8
Spartacus
The leader of a slave revolt in the first century BC, Spartacus and his followers seriously defied the power of Rome. The expansion of Rome in the centuries after the Punic Wars, together with the activities of pirates, had resulted in a large increase in the number of slaves in Italy. Those used...
- 16
How Do Deodorants Work? All About Sweat and How to Control It
What is perspiration, and how do deodorants work? Also, what causes excessive sweating, and is it possible to prevent this problem?
- 4
Instant Coffee
Instant coffee is cheap and it is convenient. It is produced by brewing coffee in a series of giant coffee pots. The extract moves from pot to pot until it reaches optimum strength. Then the water is removed, usually by drying. A spray nozzle atomizes the liquid in a current of hot air. The hollow...
- 6
Palm PDA's
The Palm m515 was a handheld personal digital assistant released in 2002. It put a lot of power in the pockets of upwardly mobile users. People on the go had something compact, powerful, not to mention sleek, that allowed them to to plan, schedule, organize and take notes. Readily syncing with...
- 4
The All Dumbbell Workout
You can get a good workout at home. It's not so important WHERE you train, but THAT you train. Buy free weights, collars and dumbbell handles long enough to accommodate a reasonable number of plates on each side of the center sleeve. These will allow you to change weight according to the...
- 23
Helium
According to Alexa Helium.com has a traffic rank in the top 3000 websites on the Internet (2,747 at time of publication of this article). The average visitors sticks around for 6.4 minutes per day, and there are 2,620 sites linking in to helium.com. People make money from writing for Helium. But...
- 12
What is Nofollow?
Early 2005 Google announced that hyperlinks (a clickable link to a webpage) with the rel="nofollow" attribute would not be counted as a backlink for the purposes of PageRank or influence the target sites ranking in the search engine. Its intent was...
- 28
Tagging Your HubPages
Choosing the right tags... Don't think about what others will use to try and find your hub, think about what YOU would use to find the same information that you have on your hub.
- 8
Puppets
Puppets are small figures of wood or pasteboard, manipulated either by one hand (glove puppets) or by wires (marionettes) held by a concealed showman who also speaks the dialogue, changing his voice to suit different characters.
- 5
The Many Uses Of Cork
Cork is the thick, spongy bark of the cork oak, a tree which grows mainly in Portugal and Spain. Half the world's supplies come from Portugal, where the cork oaks are grown either in plantations or in natural forests. The trees are not very tall but have quite thick trunks, and about forty-five...
- 4
Dinghies
A dinghy is a small sailing or rowing boat carried by ships or used by amateur yachtsmen, or a collapsible rubber boat carried by aircraft for emergencies. Dinghies range in length from 2 to 6 meters.
- 3
The Etruscans
An ancient people inhabiting Etruria, Italy (modern day Tuscany) from the 8th to 4th centuries BC. At the height of their civilization, the Etruscans achieved great wealth and power from their maritime strength. The Etruscans remain a mysterious people. Their language has not been fully deciphered,...
- 2
Early Rome
Three influences - Greek, Etruscan and the local Italian cultures of Latium - were to shape the development of Rome. Later traditions attributed the foundation of the city to Romulus in 753 BC, but the true origins of the Roman state came in the 7th century BC, when the separate communities in the...
- 6
The Republic of Rome
In the 500 or so years from the establishment of the republic to the accession of Augustus, Rome grew from a small city-state to the dominant power in the Mediterranean. This process, which was achieved by both military force and diplomatic alliances, began with Rome's subjugation of Italy. Its...
- 0
Roman Emperor - Magnus Maximus
Born in Spain. Maximus proclaimed himself emperor while commanding Roman troops in Britain, defated Emperor Gratian in Gaul (383), and was recognized by Theodosius, emperor of the East. Invading Italy, his troopers were defeated, and he himself besieged by Theodosius and beheaded. Died in Aquileia,...
- 0
Roman Emperor: Theodosius I
Theodosius I, or Flavius Theodosius, known as the Great, Byzantine Emperor, son of Theodosius, general of Valentinian I. He was proclaimed emperor of the East by Gratian in 379 and established Christianity throughout the region. The Olympic Games, which said to have been founded in 776 BC, were...
- 4
What are Aqueducts?
An aqueduct is a bridge constructed for the conveyance of water across a valley. Civilization has always resulted in the growth of large towns which cannot exist without adequate water supply, and traces of extensive works for this purpose are everywhere found among the ruins of the earliest great...
- 2
Tasmanian Tiger
The Thylacinus cynocephalus is the largest known marsupial carnivore. Records indicate that a thylacine female could give birth to four puppies each year and these spent their early life in a backward-facing pouch. The Tasmanian Tiger, also called the Tamanian wolf, pouched wolf or zebra wolf, is a...
- 0
Emu
Together with cassowaries, the large, flightless birds known as emus make up the order Casuariiformes. They are found throughout mainland Australia, except the dense, tropical regions of the eastern coast and the more settled areas. It is unable to fly, but is very fleet of foot and frequently...
- 7
Echidna
The echidna, also called the spiny anteater, is a an unusual mammal native to Australia and New Guinea. The echidna ranges in length from 15 to 30 inches (38 to 76 cm) and weighs from 2 to 14 pounds (0.9 to 6 kg). It has thick grayish-brown hair, and its back is covered with yellowish-white...
- 2
Tasmanian Devil
Like its relative, the Tasmanian Tiger, the Tasmanian Devil once also lived on mainland Australia but is thought to have died out there because of the competition from the Dingo. The Tasmanian Devil is a short and sturdy brownish-black animal with patches of white on the chest. sides and rump. It...
- 0
Dingo
Sometimes known as the Warrigal, the Australian Dingo, Canis familiaris dingo, is closely related to the domestic dog. It is probably descended from the northern wolf, and is thought to have been introduced to Australia about 10000 years ago. A nocturnal, the Dingo eats small mammals and reptiles,...
- 2
Cassowary
Cassowaries are large flightless birds found in tropical rainforests of New Guinea. One species is also present on Cape York, Peninsula, Australia. The head of the cassowary is protected by a natural crash helmet, a bony outgrowth from its skull. Cassowaries have powerful legs; they can run fast...
- 4
Lyrebird
Lyrebirds are an Australian bird, pheasant-like in appearance, known for its spectacular song and their remarkable use of mimicry Their ability to learn and reproduce a wide variety of complex sounds is all the more remarkable because of the simple structure of their syrinx or voice producing organ.
- 1
Wombat
Resembling a small bear, the wombat is from a small group of burrowing mammals, native to Australia. Their stocky body ranges in length from 40 to 60 inches (100-150 cm), and their coarse hair varies from black to yellowish brown. Wombats are classified as order Marsupialia, family Phascolomidae.
- 2
Wallaby
There are about 30 species of wallaby. They are kangaroo-like marsupials of generally smaller size than the true kangaroos, of the subfamily Macropodinae of the family Macropodidae which also includes the kangaroos. The wallabies have large hindfeet, strong hindlimbs and a long tail. They are...
- 1
Platypus
This remarkable, egg-laying mammal is found in streams and rivers of eastern Australia. It lives in a burrow near the water, feeding on water insects, worms and freshwater prawns and crayfish. Platypusses were at one tine time killed in large numbers for their fur, but are now strictly protected....
- 4
Bandicoot
Bandicoot, a burrowing nocturnal marsupial, the largest kind about the size of a rabbit. Several species inhabit Australia, New Guinea and adjacent islands, one of the commonest being the short-nosed bandicoot.
- 7
Kookaburra
A kookaburra is a large meat-eating Australian bird. Although a member of the kingfisher family, appears very drab when compared with its brilliantly colored relatives. It has a loud, harsh cry like wild laughter and is also known as the laughing jackass. The kookaburra has an off-white colored...
- 4
Goanna
Goanna, large lizards of the genus Varanus, known more formally as Monitor Lizards. The name 'goanna' is a corruption of "iguana", given in the early days of Australian settlement because of a superficial resemblance to the West Indies giant lizard of that name. They are most common in arid inland...
- 7
Kangaroos
The kangaroo is a large marsupial (pouch-bearing animal) confined entirely to Australasia. Captain Cook was the first Eurpoean to observe the animal in 1770. There are 56 species. A male kangaroo stands from 6 to 7 feet; the female which carries the...
- 9
Koalas
A koala is a tree-dwelling Australian animal. It feeds on leaves and roots, and is not more than 2 foot in length. It has round bushy ears and thick ashy-grey fur, a rudimentary tail, and looks like a small bear. Sometimes called a Koala Bear, it is not actually a bear at all. At one time they...
- 8
Google Knol
Knol is a user generated content platform that allows members to publish online and also make money from an advertising revenue program.
- 6
Boat Anchors
An anchor is a heavy implement, usually made of iron or steel, with hooks or flukes to grip the bottom, attached to a cable and dropped from a ship or boat to hold it in place.
- 10
7 Things You Probably Didn't Know About Potassium
Potassium is a metal belonging to the alkaline group which is an essential constituent of body cells and tissues. Some of its salts are used for medicinal purposes and in action are similar to those of sodium. As sodium pulls fluids into your...
- 9
Muscle & Fitness
Your reasons for including weight training in your weekly schedule will largely determine the type of program you follow and the exercises to be included. There is an endless variety to choose from and it is therefore difficult to prescribe a program to suit everyone. If you wish to use weight...
- 4
Serratus: Paying Attention To Detail
The serratus is a set of muscles, which connects the lats, pectorals, intercostals, and external obliques. The serratus muscles are occasionally called the "boxer's muscle" because it is used to extend the arm and deliver the greatest punch at the...
- 6
Obliques & Intercostals
Left unattended and ignored (and downright neglected) the obliques will ally themselves with the equally slothful abdominals to result in a what is known as a 'beer gut'. While the abdominal may do all the work for said beer gut, the obliques will...
- 14
Strong Neck and Impressive Traps
You may not consider your neck the most important body part to concentrate on in the gym, but you have at least three important reasons to work it. 1) your neck muscles are responsible for your head movements, 2) well-developed neck muscles...
- 1
Building a Broader Back
The latissimus dorsi (aka The Lats) is responsible for extension, transverse extension, flexion, adduction and internal rotation actions of the shoulder joint. The action of the lats draws the upper arm downward and backward and rotates it inward...
- 1
Gladiators
Professional fighters in ancient Rome were called gladiators (from the Latin gladius, meaning 'sword'). Contests between gladiators were held in special arenas and were a very popular form of public entertainment.
- 122
What is HubberScore?
There are two types of scoring on HubPages. One is for the individual hub, which you can learn more about here, and the other is the score for the person. The Author. The Hubber. Yes, you. This hub is all about that scoring algorithm, how it works,...
- 10
HTML Tutorial
Ever wondered what it takes to create a webpage in HTML? Ever wanted to understand the mess of source code that magically becomes said webpage on the world wide web? You can, right now. This short lesson will dispel any fears you've held that you'll never be able to learn an "Internet language".
- 8
Flatten Your Stomach And Chisel Those Abs
Photos by Scott Snyder and Thom Wall Let's face it, the way your midsection looks has a lot to do with how you feel about yourself. Everybody desires washboard abs, or in the very least a flat tummy. A small tight midsection improves the appearance...
- 13
Strengthen Your Lower Back
A strong back has long been admired and desired as the basis of power. The main concern of both athletes and non-athletes alike is lower back pain. One way to avoid or alleviate it is to strengthen all the muscles of your back, which hold together...
- 1
Roman Emperor - Julian
Flavius Claudius Julianus, born around 331 A.D. in Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey) the youngest son of Julius Constantius and Basilina, and nephew of Constantine the Great. He was brought up a Christian but early in life became a convert to...
- 3
Roman Emperor - Diocletian
The emperor Diocletian (245 - 313 AD) was responsible for restoring stability to the Roman Empire after decades of anarchy. He is remembered for the reorganisation of the Roman army and the administration of the empire. Roman emperor 284 - 305, when he abdicated in favor of Galerius. He reorganized...
- 51
Celebrating Useless Keyword Victories
My first foray online was 13 years ago. It was 1996... it was on a friends computer... it was love at first 'site'. Over the ensuing months I'd get a taste of it now and then when I visited his place. It didn't sate my desire, all it did was whet...
- 34
HubPage Fans
Fans are your followers. Your subscribed audience. They have deliberately clicked on a link in your profile or on one of your hubs that says "Join such-and-such's fan club". 'Such-and-such' being your username of course. By doing this action they...
- 10
Scones
For a really traditional Devonshire tea you can't beat warm, freshly baked scones split open and served with fruity jam and lots of whipped cream.
- 6
Roman Philosopher - Seneca
Great Roman philosopher, politician and writer, who was tutor to the emperor Nero. Seneca's fame rests upon his writings. They have been variously estimated by critics, but all agree as to their clear and forcible style. They consist of ten Dialogues, 124 Moral Letters to Lucilius, the...
- 12
Roman Emperor - Constantine I
Constantine the Great, born Flavius Valerius Constantinus, at Naissus, in Upper Moesia (now Nish, Yugoslavia), 272 A.D. He was the illegitimate son of Emperor Constantius I and his mother was Flavia Helena. On his father's death was acclaimed...
- 9
Get a Firmer Butt!
Who doesn't like a nice looking butt? Who doesn't mind LOOKING at a nice butt? If you don't want your backside looking like two pigs fighting over milk duds, then you need to work out that muscle with the extravagant name: the Gluteus Maximus
- 1
Explosive Quadricep Power!
The major muscles of the upper leg include the gluteus maximus, the sartorius, the quadriceps, and the hamstring muscles. The quadriceps is composed of four muscles that cover the front of the thigh. Their major function is straightening the leg...
- 1
Develop Firm Hamstrings
The hamstring muscles are three large muscles at the back of the thigh. They are important in bending the knee and also serve to rotate the leg from side to side. They are attached to the tibia by certain tendons, called hamstrings, which can be...
- 2
Roman Dictator: Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Roman general and politician, a leader of the senatorial party. Forcibly suppressing the democrats in 88BC, he departed for a successful campaign against Mithridates VI of Pontus. The democrats seized power in his absence, but on his return Sulla captures Rome and massacred all opponents. The...
- 4
Welding
Welding was originally the term applied to the joining of pieces of metal by hammering or pressing them together when hot. It is now also, and more particularly, applied to processes in which the edges to be joined are completely melted, and to bronze welding.
- 10
Shapely Calf Muscles
The major calf muscles are the gastrocnemius and soleus. These two, combined with the deep posterior muscles, the peroneus brevis, flexor longus hallucis, tibialis posticus and flexor longus digitorum and the anterior muscle peroneus longus provide leg power. To develop a strong ankle joint you...
- 8
What is HTML?
HTML is an acronym of Hyper Text Markup Language. If you were to look at a page of HTML source code (pages which use the file extension .html or .htm), even if you are unfamiliar with HTML, you should be able to recognize the text (content) of the...
- 1
Forearm Fitness
Your hands, wrists and forearms are usually on intimate terms with the instruments of your sport. You need a powerful set of muscles there to execute a winning swing with a racquet, bat or golf club, to spike or slam dunk the ball or to lift that...
- 2
Build Solid Shoulders
The broad-shouldered, narrow-hipped look is the very symbol of a fit and trim body. But the V-shaped torso you want isn't just for good looks. Your shoulder joints are the key to just about any arm action you'll ever perform — not just in sports...
- 4
Achieving a Thicker Chest
A powerful chest is one of the most desirable elements of an overall fit body. It's the centerpiece of your physique, and well-shaped and toned muscles up front are important for that bare-chested day at the beach, as well as for a great fit in a...
- 2
Training Terrific Triceps
One of the major muscles of the arm, the triceps, acts to extend or straighten the arm (while the biceps perform the opposite motion, flexing). The muscle runs from the shoulder to the elbow at the back. It is named for its three heads, or points of...
- 2
Big Bulging Biceps
At the front of the upper arm is the biceps, a large muscle that draws up the arm when it contracts. It also enables the palm to be turned upward. At the back of the upper arm is another large muscle, the triceps, which extends the arm when it...
- 12
Sparta
In almost every respect, Sparta was the opposite of her great rival, Athens. Whereas Athens was a democratic state, Sparta was a military society, racially pure and elitist in character. At the height of their power, the Spartans conquered and enslaved neighbouring states. All citizens were trained...
- 13
The Wonderful World of Cheese!
Cheese is a preparation of concentrated milk known as the curd, coagulated by rennet or other enzymes, separated from the whey and pressed into a solid mass. The main constituents of cheese are protein (the most important of which is casein), fat, mineral salts, and water.
- 77
HubPages Traffic Bonus
I have 30 days in which to get as much traffic from as many different sources as I can to qualify for the HubPages "Traffic Bonus". I'll be outlining here what steps I'm taking to achieve that goal. The criteria is just 10 visitors from 10...
- 25
Capstone Hub Program
Capstone Hubs: What are they, how can I get approval, when can I get started?
- 28
Flagship Hub Program
Having published 3 Flagship Hubs I feel competent enough to share some insights as well as a few tips and tricks. I haven't done a Flagship Hub in a while, but that would be because I've been busy making Capstone Hubs. Done right, Flagship Hubs can...
- 3
Pepe The King Prawn
Pepe the Prawn is one of the Muppets. He was first introduced in the 1996 TV show Muppets Tonight. At the time, he would sing along with his partner, Seymour the Elephant, although neither of the two had any real musical talent. Pepe (full name:...
- 14
Caricature: Why, When, What and Where Did It Come From?
Caricature is the pictorial equivalent of satire, whereby flaws in society are attacked with the weapon of ridicule. Striking images are drawn by simplifying, distorting, exaggerating and careful juxtaposing.
- 8
Newcastle, Australia
City seaport of New South Wales, Australia, at the mouth of the Hunter River 167 km north of Sydney. Founded in 1801, Newcastle owes its position and importance to the presence in the area of large coal deposits, which were discovered by Lieutenant...
- 24
The Roman Empire
The period which Rome controlled most of the Mediterranean world is known as the Roman Empire. The term empire refers to both the extent of Rome's territories and the type of rule. The length of time and vastness of the area spanned by Rome's empire make it almost impossible to generalise about...
- 14
Innuendo
Innuendo is a figure of speech in which meaning is conveyed by a hint. In English law, innuendo means that the words or gestures complained of, although not defmatory in their ordinary or natural meaning, are, in certain circumstances, capable of...
- 4
The History of Playing Cards
Playing cards are made of thin pieces of pasteboard or plastic in uniform sizes by decks. The cards are usually rectangular with rounded corners, although earlier cards were sometimes square or circular. Cards are chiefly used for competitive games,...
- 4
Roman Emperor - Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius has symbolised, for many generations, the Golden Age of the Roman Empire. A conscientious and self-sacrificing emperor, his claim to the attention of subsequent ages has been greater because, with the exception of Cicero, he is one of the few figures of classical antiquity whose...
- 1
Roman Emperor - Commodus
Lucius Aelius Aurelius Commodus, was born at Lanuvium on 31 August 161 AD. The son of Emperor Marcus Aurelius, whom he succeeded in 180. Commodus was only 18 when he became emperor. And turned into a cruel tyrant.
- 1
Roman Emperor - Aurelian
Aurelian was born Lucius Domitius Aurelianus, probably in Illyricum (now Yugoslavia). A successful soldier, he was chosen emperor by his troops on the death of Claudius II. He became emperor in 270 and ruled until 275, when a group of officers murdered him. Part of the wall he started to build...
- 0
Roman Emperor - Septimius Severus
The only African born Roman citizen to become emperor. Born in Leptis Magna in North Africa (Libya) in 146 AD Lucius Septimius Severus, rose to promenience and reigned as emperor from 193 AD to 211 AD.
- 14
Roman Emperor - Hadrian
Hadrian's official name was Publius Aelius Hadrian. He was born in Spain. His father died during Hadrian's youth, and Trajan, Hadrian's cousin, became his guardian. Trajan became emperor in 98. Hadrian became emperor after Trajan's death in 117.
- 4
Roman Emperor - Trajan
The Roman emperor Trajan was important for extending the empire's frontiers to include Armenia, Dacia and also Mesopotamia. Many scenes from the emperor's campaign in Dacia are recorded on Trajan's column in Rome, the base of which is inscribed with reliefs of captured arms while a long, continuous...
- 5
Roman Emperor - Domitian
Domitian succeeded Titus, his elder brother, as emperor in 81 AD. The early part of Domitian's reign was marked by good government, but he soon adopted cruel and tyrannical measures.
- 0
Malayan Tapir
The Malayan or Asiatic tapir is strikingly patterned with the foreparts and the limbs black and the rest of the body white, making it inconspicuous in its native habitat. Completely black individuals have been recorded from southeast Sumatra but...
- 0
Mountain Tapir
The Mountain, Roulin's or Woofly Tapir (Tapirus pinchaque) is easily distinguishable from the South American by its curly black hair, sometimes over an inch long, and its light cheeks and strongly marked white ear-rims. There is no mane and there...
- 1
Brazilian Tapir
The Brazilian, South American or Lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) is the smallest species and the heaviest individuals weigh only 400 pounds (180 kg). It is plain brown, often with whitish lips and ear-tips, and grey tones on the throat; different...
- 0
Baird's Tapir
The last and the largest of the New World group, is Baird's tapir T. bairdii, which weighs 600 pounds (270 kg). This species is short-haired like the South American, with very small bristles along the nape as a reduced version of the latter's...
- 2
Sydney Opera House
The Sydney Opera House, at Bennelong Point on Sydney Harbour, caters for all the performing arts and is one of the world's most unusual buildings. It was designed by the Danish architect Joern Utzon and was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1973. ...
- 11
Boobies
Booby is a name applied to six species of the gannet family that are confined to the tropical regions. It is derived from the Spanish 'bobo' meaning dunce. This is an allusion to their clumsiness on land and their lack of fear of man.
- 9
Roman Emperor - Titus
Roman emperor from AD 79. Eldest son of Vespasian, he captured Jerusalem in 70 AD to end the Jewish revolt in Roman Palestine. He completed the Colosseum, and helped mitigate the suffering from the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 which destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum.
- 10
Roman Emperor - Vespasian
Born near Reaste, a city northeast of Rome. His full name was Titus Flavius Vespasianus. He became a general and in 67 AD Emperor Nero sent him to put down a Jewish rebellion in Judea. During the year after Nero's death (68 AD) Generals Galba, Otho and Vitellius followed one another as emperor....
- 19
Ancient Greek Trireme
The trireme is an ancient vessel with three rows of oars, of great effectuality, in early naval warfare. Mentioned by Thucydides. It was a long narrow vessel propelled by 170 rowers. The Romans copied it from the Greeks, and used it with considerable advantage. They were used at the battle of...
- 29
Roman Emperor - Claudius
Roman emperor from 41 AD to 54 AD. Claudius was a scholar, historian and able administrator. One of the greatest of the early Roman emperors. He was made emperor by the Praetorian Guard after the murder of his nephew, Gaius Caligula, in AD 41.
- 8
Roman Emperor - Tiberius
Tiberius, Roman emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. Born Rome, Italy, 16 November 42 BC. The son of Tiberius Claudius Drusus and Livia Drusilla who in 39 BC divorced her husband to become the wife of Augustus. Tiberius and his younger brother Drusus...
- 11
Roman Emperor - Caligula
Roman emperor, son of Germanicus and successor to Tiberius in AD 37. Caligula was a cruel tyrant and was assassinated by an officer of his guard. He is believed to have been mentally unstable.
- 10
Roman Emperor - Augustus
The Roman Republic ended with Julius Caesar and the Roman Empire began with Augustus Caesar. Augustus, the title originally conferred by the Roman senate in 27 B.C. upon Gaius Octavianus, the successor of Julius Caesar. It was afterwards borne by emperors both of the ancient empire and of the Holy...
- 6
Roman Statesman - Marcus Tullius Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero, a leading politician and Rome's greatest orator, achieved a mastery of prose style that is unsurpassed by any other writer in Latin literature.
- 32
Roman Emperor - Nero
Born at Antium, his original name was Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; but in AD 50 his mother married her uncle, the emperor Claudius, who adopted and renamed him. In 53, at the age of 16, Nero married Octavia, daughter of Claudius and Messalina. On the death of Claudius in the following year...
- 5
Greek Philosopher: Leucippus
Leucippus was a Greek philosopher and a pupil of Zeno of Elea, probably born in Abdera (though some have said Elea, and others say at Miletus). Virtually nothing is known of his life (hence this hub being so short) and none of his writings survive....
- 24
Dactylography: The Scientific Study of Fingerprints
Dactylography is the study of fingerprints, and this article will examine the scientific methodology behind it. Fingerprints are an excellent means of identifying people.
- 1
Greek Philosopher: Xenophanes
Xenophanes, a native of Colophon in Asia Minor, the son of Dexius. According to some he was no man's pupil, according to others he was a pupil of Boton of Athens. Since Xenophanes' was a wandering poet and a maker of satires and elegies, his...
- 4
Greek Philosopher: Anaximenes
Anaximenes was an early Greek philosopher who lived in the 500's B.C. Like other philosophers of his time, he believed that there is a single substance underlying all things. Unlike the others, Anaximenes believed that air being the principle of...
- 6
Galileo Galilei
An controversial and intellectually courageous character, Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) is recognised as the founder of modern 'scientific method', which he insisted should replace the Aristotelian philosophy prevalent during his time. He emphasised...
- 5
The Lathe
A device for cutting metal, wood or other material into a circular shape. The object to be 'turned' or shaped is revolved by the machine; and a cutting tool, firmly supported, is brought up against it. Lathes are of many kinds, and range in size...
- 3
The Stetho scope
Before the development of the stethoscope, doctors placed their ears directly on the patient's body so the action of the heart and other organs of the chest can be heard and gauged. That was soon to change when French physician Rene Theophile...
- 6
Matches
A match is a small thin stick of wood or cardboard. Its tip is coated with chemicals that produce a flame easily when it is rubbed sharply against a rough surface. Matches tipped with an explosive substance that bursts into flame on being struck -...
- 12
Roman Dictator - Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman statesman and one of the world's greatest military commanders. Caesar dominated the history of Rome during the final years of the republic.
- 9
Hippocrates
Hippocrates was a Greek physician who lived around 400 BC, born on the island of Cos, Asia Minor. Historically known as the "father of medicine". Little is known concerning him, and of that little, much may be legend. He devised a code of ethical practice which is known as the Hippocratic Oath.
- 2
Themistocles
Athenian solder and politician. Largely through his success in persuading the Athenians to build a navy, Greece was saved from Persian conquest. He fought with distinction in the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC during the Persian War. In 470 BC he was...
- 1
Galen
A famous physician born in Pergamum; practiced with great success in Rome, being medical adviser to the Emperor Marcus Aurelius and his colleague Lucius Verus. Claudius Galenus (Galen) was born in Pergamum in Asia Minor (now Bergama, Turkey). He...
- 12
Greek Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of the truth or principles underlying all knowledge, an investigation into the nature of reality. The word 'philosophy' derives from the Greek philosophos which means "a lover of wisdom. Western philosophy is considered to...
- 13
Opals
An opal is a noncrystalline variety of quartz, found in recent volcanoes, deposits from hot springs, and sediments. Usually colorless or white with a rainbow of play of color gem forms, most valuable of quartz gems.
- 6
Master Craftsman: Antonio Stradivari
Antonio Stradivari (1644 - 1737) was an Italian maker of violins. He was one of the leading instrument makers in music history. He used Stradivarius, the Latin form of his name, on the labels of his instruments. A pupil of Amati, who taught him the...
- 0
Tattooing: What, Where, When and Why
Tattooing is the process of injecting a permanent dye under the skin to form a picture or design is called tattooing. The word 'tattoo' derives from a similar sounding word in the Polynesian language. Tattooing was practiced by the Egyptians as...
- 15
Copyright
Copyright is the sole legal right of multiplying copies of an original work or composition; literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work. It grants the copyright holder (usually the author of the work, unless they've relinquished that right) the...
- 5
Greek Philosopher: Thales
Thales (634 B.C. to 546 B.C.) was the first known Greek philosopher and scientist. Traditionally known as the father of philosophy, he also invented theoretical geometry and abstract astronomy and was the first of the Seven Sages of Greece. It is...
- 2
Greek Philosopher: Plotinus
Roman philosopher of the Neoplatonic school, born in Asyut, Egypt. Plotinus lived from 205 to 270 AD in Alexandria. He studied with the Alexandrian philosopher Ammonius Saccas at Alexandria for a period of ten years and about 244 went to Rome,...
- 1
Greek Philosopher: Anaximander
The son of Praxiades. He was the first discoverer of the gnomon (the part of a sundial that casts the shadow) and he placed some in Lacadaemon on the sundials there. He was the first person to draw a map of the earth and sea. A celebrated Greek...
- 5
Greek Philosopher: Anaxagoras
Anaxagoras was a famous Greek philosopher and noted scientist of the Ionic School, among whose pupils were Socrates, Pericles and Euripides. According to his explanation of the universe, the permanent elements of which it is constituted are...
- 3
Greek Philosopher: Empedocles
The Greek philosopher Empedocles tried to harmonize the Eleatic concept of permanent being with the Heraclitean teaching of constant flux. Teaching the doctrine of the four elements: earth, water, air, and fire, he introduced the theory of value to account for the good and evil in the world.
- 7
Greek Philosopher: Pyrrho
A system of skeptic philosophy taught by Pyrrho of Elis founder of Pyrrhonian school, holding that nothing can be certainly known and that suspension of judgement is true wisdom and the source of happiness. Its central doctrine concerns the...
- 2
Greek Philosopher: Heraclitus
Heraclitus was an early famous Greek philosopher, and a leading member of the so-called pre-Socratics. He was a descendant of the royal line of his native city and it is probably that he help temporal and religous powers commensurate with his...
- 2
Greek Philosopher: Antisthenes
Greek philosopher, founder of the school of philosophy called Cynicism. He was born in Athens and became a disciple of Socrates. Antisthenes taught in the gymnasium known as the Cynosarges outside Athens; his followers were called Cynics,...
- 1
Greek Philosopher: Protagoras
The most famous Greek philosopher before Socrates, who was a younger contemporary. Protagoras sought to teach men virtue in their daily lives, and summed up the basis of his own philosophy in the maxin 'Man is the measure of all things'. He lived...
- 2
Greek Philosopher: Parmenides
Greek philosopher of Elea, founder of the Eleatic school which believed in unity and continuity of being and unreality of change or motion. Parmenides was the son of Pyres and a native of Elea. Plato, in the Theaetetus, characterizes Parmenides...
- 15
Fun HubPages FAQs
HubPages was actually started BEFORE the internet was invented. Unfortunately it proved to be too impractical to get HubScore to work properly with the cork board and thumbtacked notes. The development of the Internet made bringing HubPages to...
- 2
Greek Philosopher: Zeno of Citium
Zeno was the founder of Stoic philosophy in Athens. He was born in Citium on the island of Cyprus. It is reported that he was originally a merchant, but was shipwrecked and lost all his property traveling to Athens in 314 BC. He stayed there, and...
- 0
Greek Philosopher: Xenophon
Xenophon was a Greek historian, soldier, essayist and philosopher. A pupil of Socrates. In 401 he joined the Greek mercenary army in an expedition of Persian prince Cyrus against Artaxerxes, and was elected one of the generals of the Greek force. ...
- 1
Greek Philosopher: Pythagoras
Greek mathematican and philosopher, best known for his discovery that the square of the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Greek philosopher and mathematician, born in Samos. He was...
- 10
Greek Philosopher: Diogenes
The celebrated Greek cynic philosopher who is said to have lived in a tub, wearing the coarsest clothing and living on the plainest food. Many of his sayings have been preseved, and serve for occasional quotation. Diogenes was born in Sinope, in...
- 14
Greek Philosopher: Democritus
The Greek philosopher to whom the conception of the Atomic theory is attributed. He visualised atoms - the word is Greek for 'indivisable' - as moving through space, then colliding to form the universe and all natural objects in it. His cheerful...
- 6
Greek Philosopher: Epicurus
Epicurus was a Greek philosopher, founder of the Epicurean school. Although only fragments of his works remain, his loyal disciples passed on his doctrines of friendship, peace of mind, and spiritual enjoyment as goals of the good life.
- 9
The Ten Principles of Feeding a Horse
1. Nowadays most horses, particularly heavy horses, are underworked. Or even idle. Therefore their greatest peril is overfeeding. The worst enemy of an idle horse is fodder which would be suitable to him if he were working. The worst enemy of a...
- 11
Atari
Atari is a corporate and brand name owned by several companies since its inception in 1972. The computer entertainment industry from the 70s to the mid 80s was defined the likes of Pong and the Atari 2600, as Atari dominated the industry. Originally founded by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney in...
- 23
Hot Sexy Sandra Sully
What is this fascination with some Hubbers and publishing hubs with very little content and a LOT of images of bikini clad babes? Okay, I know that sex sells, but are they actually getting traffic? Is it well worth the effort involved that it is...
- 22
Greek Philosopher: Plato
Born at Athens of a noble family, he intended to enter politics but was disgusted with Athenian political intrigue and disillusioned with the democratic regime. He became a disciple of Socrates and was present at his trial. Visited Italy and on...
- 20
The Philosophy of Socrates
Born in Athens at the peak of the Athenian civilization. Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides were his contemporaries. He served for several years as a soldier. As a member of the Athenian Senate, he refused to connive in the murder of political...
- 2
The Avocado
An evergreen tree of the laurel family that bears a pulpy edible fruit. Avocados are a thick-skinned tropical fruit, often served at the beginning of a meal or in a salad. The flavor is an acquired taste amd the fruit is regarded as a delicacy. ...
- 5
Tapir
Stoutly build, hoofed mammal of South America and Malaysia. Tapirs have a rounded body covered with bristly hair like that of a pig, about the size of donkeys, with shorter legs and heavier bodies. They have a long snout which extends into a short,...
- 19
Greek Philosopher: Aristotle
Aristotle the most famous of all the Greek philosophers, was a disciple of Plato, after whose death he retired from Athens, and later undertook the education of Alexander, later known as Alexander the Great. Subsequently at Athens he established the...
- 9
Michelangelo
Renowned Italian painter, sculptor and architect, whose genius was such a power in beautifying the churches of Rome and Florence. Was the last and in some respects the greatest of the Italian sculptors; while his large paintings, particularly "The...
- 79
The Unofficial Rules for HubPages
I'm just a loyal and active Hubber, who probably pays more attention than most to what's being said on the forums. The evidence of this can be seen on my HubScore hub. I say that this hub is unofficial, because I am not in the employ of HubPages....
- 129
Table of Contents
I'll probably write this and then the powers-that-be will create a Capsule to do in a few seconds what may take a while to create. Which is fine by me! I wish there was such a capsule! But in the meantime you can do it the way I've done it.
- 32
Duplication vs Plagiarism
There seems to be some confusion, especially in the community here at HubPages, as to what duplication really is. And to be quite honest, when you look at all the facts it can become quite confusing. All plagiarism is duplication. But what...
- 616
How Hubscore Works
All this information is available around HubPages, in the FAQ or in some cases discussed further in the forum. But rather than send you off on a wild goose chase to find it all I've collated the information to present it here as an easy to find...
- 9
Pimp My Clyde
Forget new rims and low profile tyres, we're talking low-tech old-school. And while its lacking the bling factor it takes highly specialized skills to take care of these one horse-powered beasts. Working and show horses require shoes, but at this...
- 47
Free Antivirus Software
- 26
Cool Fonts - Where to Download & How to Install
There are two types of fonts in the world: free ones and ones you have to pay for. And while on one hand you get what you pay for (quality in ways you can't understand until you need a full font set), on the other hand sometimes the best things...
- 13
How Wine Is Made
It starts with the grape. But not just any grape. A carefully and specifically chosen grape whose vine will complement the soil and the climate. At Telegherry they've chosen the Pinot Gris. But they grafted a southern climate variety to a...
- 3
Kindle
It feels more like a book than an electronic device. It reads like a book but with the ability to hold over 200 titles on a device that weighs less than a McDonalds Quarter Pounder. It's the new Amazon Kindle. Kindle has a crisp black-and-white...
- 11
Punctuation Is Your Friend
Punctuation marks are special signs (e.g: full stops, commas, exclamation points) which help you understand what you're reading. When you read out loud they also show you where to pause and when to raise or lower the tone of your voice. It helps...
- 116
Capsules
Metaphorically speaking, they are the tools in your toolbox. They are building blocks. You pick and choose the ones you need to build the hub you want. There are two types of capsules: Content Capsules Text Capsule Photo Capsule Video...
- 208
How HubPage Tracking Works
If you haven't read it already I suggest you check out the light introduction to HubPage Referrals. It's a quick read and outlines the basics. Referrals work in two ways... 1) If someone signs up for a HubPages account via your referral link, you...