Difference between the Political Systems of France and India

France and India are two democratic country. Thse two countries bear all the characteristics of a democratic country. Democratic country arranges election regularly. Voters are allowed to vote freely. People have the right to words. They can express their own views. Media have the freedom to express their own views. There is an unbiased administration system all around the country. Non political police force and army are deployed. There are political representatives for a short term period. France is a democratic republic. India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic.

• France was formed in 1843 with the Treaty of Verdun. An ancient country. India was colonised by several European countries, lastly by the British. India got freedom on 15^th August in 1947.
• A European Country An Asian Country
• Third largest in Europe Seventh largest in the world
• French is the official language. Hindi and English are the official languages.
• France is a developed country. India is a developing country.
• France has been derived from Latin word ‘francia’ meaning land of franks.It may be derived from Proto Germanic word ‘frankon’ . India has been derived from ‘Indus’ (i.e. Sindhu, a river).

French Government:-

The constitution of the Fifth Republic was approved by the referendum on 28 September 1958.

France has a unitary semi-presidential democratic republic government. The French parliament has two houses comprising a National Assembly and a Senate. Members are elected directly for a 5-year term as a representative of the National Assembly. The government is determined by a majority in the Assembly. The Assembly can dismiss a government with a consent of the majority. There are two executive administrators; the president and the Government led by the prime minister.Presently the President of France is Emmanuel Macron.

A member of the Senate is called a Senator. Senators are selected for a 6-year term by an electoral college. One-half of the seats are chosen every 3 years.

The National Assembly is superior to the Senate.

Key-points-

• 1. French Parliamentary system has two houses; National Assembly and Senate.
• 2. The President and the Prime Minister are two executive authorities.

Indian Government:-

India is a democratic republic. There are two houses comprising Loksabha and Rajyasabha. Loksabha is the lower house that has supreme executive power. A member is directly elected by the voters for Loksabha. He or she is elected for five years. The Government is formed with the majority in the Loksabha. The Government is headed by the Prime Minister. Prime Minister is appointed by the President. The present prime minister of India is Narendra Modi.

The upper house is called the Rajyasabha. A member is selected for the Rajya Sabha for a 6-year term. One-third of the members are chosen every three years.

The Rajyasabha’s legislative powers are limited. In the event of disagreement between the two houses, the Loksabha has the final say.

The President is elected by an electoral college. He is the chief in Indian administration. Though the de facto prime is the prime minister. Presently the President of India is Ramnath Kovind.

Key-points:-

1. Prime Minister is the chief executive officer of the government.
2. There are three main columns in the Indian political system; Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and the President

France has a republic structure in the form of Government with a strong democratic traditions. India has a federal democratic republic system. France is a semi Presidential country. India is a parliamentary republic. France has two party politics. India has a multi-party politics. There are so many political parties in India.

The President of France:-

The President of France is elected directly by the French people every five years. He is considered the boss of the state. Foreign policy and defense depend on him. He appoints the prime minister with the approval of the members of his cabinet. On the other hand, the prime minister is responsible for domestic policy and ongoing governing. He holds absolute power. The power of the Prime Minister depends on his will. He can re-shuffle the ministers at his own will. Besides, Article 16 de la Constitution de la Cinquième République française officially gives him a North-Korea-style supreme power for a period of 60 days, a period that can be extended.

Coexistence of the President and other party occurred three times since 1986. Jacques Chirac, the President from the Gaullist party dissolved parliament in 1997 with a hope to get a majority from his own party. UnfortunatelyJospin from the Socialist party became the Prime Minister.

The President of India:-

On the other hand, the President of India is elected indirectly by an electoral college consisting of the members from the Loksabha and the Rajyasabha, members from the Legislative Assemblies, members from the Union Territories of Puducherry and Delhi.He is a nominal chief of the country. For all other executive powers, he has to listen to the Prime Minister. The President of India is the head of the state but not the head of the Government. The Head of the Government is the Prime Minister.

Key-points:-

1. In France, the President is all in all.
2. In India, the Prime Minister is the chief of the Government.

The Prime Minister of France is appointed by the President of France after the parliamentary election occurs. He is the second chief executive in the parliamentary administration of France. He is inferior to the President.

But the Prime Minister of India is selected after a party shows its majority in the parliament. The President only nominally appoints him/her. He is the chief executive chief of the government. All the decisions taken by the Prime Minister along with his cabinet is passed by the President. all powers are vested by the Constitution in Parliament, the Prime Minister and the Supreme Court.

Key-points:-

1. The Prime Minister of France is the other main executive besides the President.
2. The Prime Minister of India is the de facto chief of the Government.