Why does a stick appear bent if part of it is immersed in water?
It is to do with defraction.
It is an optical illusion caused by the water.
I'll write a hub on it soon.
The correct term is "refraction". "Refraction is the change in direction of a wave due to a change in its speed. It is essentially a surface phenomenon." (Wikipedia). A change in the light's phase velocity will result in a change in direction. A curious fact is that many animals which hunt for food at the surface of a body of water instinctively compensate for refraction.
PDXBuy,
Is correct its all about the water acting as a refracting agent the change in densAccording to Snells lawities bends the light-
try:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snell's_law
TH
Because rays from the under-water part are bent downward towards the observer, so that this part appears nearer the surface than it really is.
Place a Coin in an empty basin and step back till the coin is just hidden by the rim. If water be poured into the basin, the coin comes into sight again. Why is this?
Light rays are bent when they pass from air into water, or from water into air. Rays reflected from the coin are bent downwards at the surface of the water; and it is those reaching the part of the surface visible above the basin's rim which enter your eye.
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