Pollutant cadmium in water may arise from industrial discharges amd mining wastes,cadmium is widely used in metal plating, chemically,cadmium is very similar to zinc and these two metals frequently undergo geochemical processes together both metals are found in water in the +2 oxidation state.
The effects of acute cadmium poisoning in humans are very serious among them are high blood pressure, kidney damage, destruction of testicular tissues, and destruction of red blood cells. It is believed that much of the physiological action of cadmium arises from its chemical similarity to zinc. Specifically, cadmium may replace zinc in some enzymes, thereby altering the stereostructure of the enzyme and impairing its catalytic activity. Disease symptoms ultimately result.
Nicade or anyone else,
What is the cure for cadmium poisoning? Or is there any? Perhaps a natural cure?
Karen Ellis
The treatment of acute cadmium poisoning should be directed
initially towards decontamination (removal of the patient from
further exposure, or the induction of vomiting).
In cases of inhalation, respiratory symptoms should be
carefully monitored and pulmonary oedema treated.
In cases of ingestion, ipecac/lavage/catharsis should be used
in the usual manner (Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988).
Antidotal treatment remains controversial.
For patients with external dust contamination, health care
providers should protect themselves from airborne dust during
decontamination of the patient.
In case of poisoning by inhalation of cadmium fumes or dust,
the patient should be rapidly moved to fresh air protecting
health care workers from secondary exposure from dust.
If cadmium-containing substances are ingested, the mouth should
be washed out with water. If vomiting is not prominent, use
ipecac, gastric lavage or catharsis in the usual manner. Oral
activated charcoal is not useful (Friberg & Elinder, 1983;
Lenga, 1988; Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988)
In the case of skin exposure, the affected area should be
flooded with water for at least 15 min (Lenga, 1988).
Eye contamination should be managed by continuous irrigation of
the eye with clean water for at least 15 minutes (Lenga, 1988).
Acute poisoning
15-25 mg EDTA/kg (0.08-0.125 ml of 20%
solution/kg body weight) in 250-500 ml of 5% dextrose
intravenously over a 1 - 2-hour period twice daily. The
maximum dose should not exceed 50 mg/kg/day. The drug
should be given in 5 day courses with an interval of at
least 2 days between courses. During subsequent courses
urinalysis should be done daily and the dosage reduced if
any unusual urinary findings occur.
Cotter (1958) reported the case of three men exposed to
cadmium fumes who were subsequently treated with calcium
disodium EDTA, at a dose of 0.5 g every 2 hours for 1 or
2 weeks. At the end of the treatment period the patients
were either asymptomatic or had made a significant
recovery, as indicated by a reduction in blood urea
nitrogen, blood cadmium and urinary cadmium
concentrations.
Recent studies in rodents have shown that, for acute oral
cadmium intoxication, meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid
given orally (Basinger et al., 1988; Andersen & Nielsen,
1988; Andersen, 1989) or calcium disodium
diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA) given parenterally
(Andersen, 1989) are the most effective antidotes,
provided that treatment is started very soon after
cadmium ingestion.
The treatment of acute cadmium poisoning should be directed
initially towards decontamination (removal of the patient from
further exposure, or the induction of vomiting).
In cases of inhalation, respiratory symptoms should be
carefully monitored and pulmonary oedema treated.
In cases of ingestion, ipecac/lavage/catharsis should be used
in the usual manner (Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988).
Antidotal treatment remains controversial.
For patients with external dust contamination, health care
providers should protect themselves from airborne dust during
decontamination of the patient.
In case of poisoning by inhalation of cadmium fumes or dust,
the patient should be rapidly moved to fresh air protecting
health care workers from secondary exposure from dust.
If cadmium-containing substances are ingested, the mouth should
be washed out with water. If vomiting is not prominent, use
ipecac, gastric lavage or catharsis in the usual manner. Oral
activated charcoal is not useful (Friberg & Elinder, 1983;
Lenga, 1988; Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988)
In the case of skin exposure, the affected area should be
flooded with water for at least 15 min (Lenga, 1988).
Eye contamination should be managed by continuous irrigation of
the eye with clean water for at least 15 minutes (Lenga, 1988).
Acute poisoning
15-25 mg EDTA/kg (0.08-0.125 ml of 20%
solution/kg body weight) in 250-500 ml of 5% dextrose
intravenously over a 1 - 2-hour period twice daily. The
maximum dose should not exceed 50 mg/kg/day. The drug
should be given in 5 day courses with an interval of at
least 2 days between courses. During subsequent courses
urinalysis should be done daily and the dosage reduced if
any unusual urinary findings occur.
Cotter (1958) reported the case of three men exposed to
cadmium fumes who were subsequently treated with calcium
disodium EDTA, at a dose of 0.5 g every 2 hours for 1 or
2 weeks. At the end of the treatment period the patients
were either asymptomatic or had made a significant
recovery, as indicated by a reduction in blood urea
nitrogen, blood cadmium and urinary cadmium
concentrations.
Recent studies in rodents have shown that, for acute oral
cadmium intoxication, meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid
given orally (Basinger et al., 1988; Andersen & Nielsen,
1988; Andersen, 1989) or calcium disodium
diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA) given parenterally
(Andersen, 1989) are the most effective antidotes,
provided that treatment is started very soon after
cadmium ingestion.
Nicade or anyone else,
What is the cure for cadmium poisoning? Or is there any? Perhaps a natural cure?
Karen Ellis
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